The valves are responsible for delivering rich oxygenated blood to the heart chambers. In total, there are four heart valves performing the same operation. Each valve closes completely after pushing the blood in the following chamber. Hence the flow is maintained. The ill-conditioned heart valve is incapacitated to perform this operation. When the blood vessels narrow, the lesser amount of blood flows in the chambers causing the heart muscles to work harder. This condition is called stenosis. Weak valves cause disruptive flow of blood as the valve sometimes may close lightly. This causes the blood to flow backward which is termed as regurgitation.
Getting a valve replacement means to replace the faulty valves with either mechanical or biological alternatives. Replacing both the mitral and the aortic valves is called double valve replacement, or the entire left side of the heart. This type of surgery is not as common as the others and the mortality rate is slightly higher.
Figuring out the right candidate for the double valve replacement can be a little tricky as the procedure is a bit uncommon. Also, the factors involved in deciding who should get the replacement would vary from person to person. A general viewpoint may lead to patients having these symptoms.
Other factors that play an important role in deciding the candidature of double valve replacement are:
The factors affecting the cost of double valve replacement procedure may depend on:
21
Total Days
In Country
2 No. Travelers
5 Day in Hospital
16 Days Outside Hospital
Treatment cost starts from
USD 15000
Hospitals
There are four types of valves in the human heart – the mitral, aortic, tricuspid, and pulmonary valve. The mitral and the tricuspid valve are present between the upper and the lower chambers of the heart. On the other hand, the aortic and the pulmonary valve are present in the two arteries that leave the heart.
Most often, it is the mitral and the aortic valve that undergoes certain pathologic changes due to degenerative valve diseases, rheumatic heart diseases, or infective endocarditis. This may result in problems associated with the valve opening and closure.
These dysfunctions can be treated with either valve repair or valve replacement surgery. Aortic valve replacement or mitral valve replacement is carried out when just one of the valve is diseased or damaged. However, when both the valves are diseased or damaged, a double valve replacement surgery is conducted.
The heart valves present in the heart are responsible for permitting the flow of nutrient-laden blood through the heart chambers. After allowing the ushering of blood, each valve is expected to close completely. The diseased or damaged valves are not able to open and close properly, thus allowing the mixing and backflow of blood (regurgitation).
A double valve replacement surgery mainly aims at correcting the problem of valvular heart disease and involves both aortic valve replacement and mitral valve replacement. The mitral valve is situated between the left atrium and the left ventricle while the aortic valve is located in between the aorta and the left ventricle.
Some of the causes of heart valve disease include the following:
Some of the symptoms of valvular heart disease include the following:
Double valve replacement surgery is a complicated procedure as compared to single valve replacement surgery. Aortic valve replacement and mitral valve replacement involves the replacement of just one valve but during double valve replacement surgery, both the diseased valves are removed at the same time and replaced with a synthetic (mechanical) or a biological valve.
In the case of mechanical valves, the components used are not of organic or natural origin. They are created from a combination of polyester and carbon material that the human body can tolerate and accept. Blood-thinning medications are given to patients who get mechanical valves to prevent blood clot formation.
Bioprosthetic valves or the biologic valves are either created from animal or human tissues and can be of the following types:
The choice of a particular type of valve depends on the age, overall fitness, and the ability to metabolize anticoagulant medications. The only problem associated with a bioprosthetic valve is that it may not last a lifetime and one may have to undergo a replacement again later.
For the purpose of hemodynamic monitoring, the peripheral arterial and venous access are installed. The patient is anaesthetized in a supine position with a single lumen endotracheal tube.
In the jugular vein, two percutaneous sheath introducers are placed for central venous pressure monitoring and drug administration. Another similar one is placed in the same right jugular vein for the purpose of introducing endocavitary pacemaker leads if required. External defibrillator pads are placed on the patient’s back and on the anterior left chest.
TEE or transesophageal echocardiography probe is used for an assessment of cardiac function, percutaneous venous cannulation guidance, and valve assessment. The skin is sterilized with iodine solution and an aseptic strip is applied on areas exposed. The double valve replacement procedure is very similar to isolated aortic valve replacement or mitral valve replacement, which is conducted via a single access right anterolateral minithoracotomy.
Before systemic heparinization, the venous introducer sheath is positioned in the femoral vein to prevent any unwanted bleeding. In the third intercostal space, an incision of 6 to 8 cms is made. Minithoractomy is made and in the 3rd and 5th intercostals spaces, two auxiliary working ports are placed. The first is for video assistance and the second is for gas insufflation, cardiotomy vent, and pericardial stay sutures. The pericardium is opened upwards and downwards after removal of the pericardial fat, which is 3 to 4 cm above the phrenic nerve. The pericardium is retracted using silk sutures.
In a standard way, two aortic purse strings are placed for direct arterial cannulation after the aorta has been exposed. The operation is continued with venous cannulation under the guidance of TEE. A guidewire in moved through the venous introducer and positioned in the superior vena cava.
With the central cannulation of the ascending aorta, arterial inflow is established. The cannula has an obturator and an advanced tip to aid aortic insertion within the thorax. With cannula rings, the tip is secured and with two tourniquets the cannula is secured. They allow maximum space to work during thoracotomy access.
Carbon dioxide flow keeps running and when the heart gets arrested, the aorta is opened in an oblique way with an incision like a hockey stick, k which is further extended to the non-coronary sinus Valsalva. After this, aortotomy is made far away from the cross-clamp and from the main pulmonary artery trunk; for the closure of aortotomy, enough aortic tissue must be kept. Now the problematic valve is excised. The annulus size is measured and calibrated with a sizer and then prosthesis is implanted. The aortic prosthesis is lowered and made to remain above the final plane of implantation.
Now focus shifts to the left atrium. It gets dissected in a Sondergaard’s plane, and with the help of one single silk suspension stitch and an atrial retractor, the mitral valve is exposed. If now required the left atriotomy can be further extended behind upwardly behind the superior vena cava or along the inferior vena cava downwardly. In right minithoracotomy the visualization of the mitral valve is very good and allows valve and subvalvular repairs easily.
The procedure starts with synthetic braided sutures being placed in the mitral annulus whose diameters are measured using suitable valve sizes. For the mitral valve, reductive annuloplasty is performed. The sutures are passed and the retractor is removed and then attention is again diverted towards the aortic valve prosthesis. This is lowered into the annular plane and thereafter knotted.
For the assessment of the results of the repair, the atrial retractor is again positioned in the left atrium. To estimate the competence of the valve, a water probe is applied with an implanted open mitral ring. After successful completion, the left atrium is closed leaving behind the ventricular vent via the mitral valve in the left ventricle. Aortic cross-clamp is removed and aortotomy suture is further knotted. The aortic vent is positioned in the ascending aorta. A polypropylene purse-string suture is hand-knotted after aortic vent is removed. After confirmation by the TEE, the procedure moves to the final stage where the aortic cannula is removed and a percutaneous cannula is also withdrawn with the femoral vein temporarily placed under compression, the skin incision is closed with a single silk stitch.
After the surgery, the patient is shifted to ICU for close monitoring for several days. Blood pressure, ECG tracing, breathing rate, and oxygen levels are closely studied. You may require staying in the hospital for several days after heart valve replacement surgery. With the help of the ventilator, breathing is assisted via a tube inserted in the throat. The breathing machine will be further adjusted as the patient keeps growing stable and once the patient is able to breathe and cough on their own, the tube is removed. Along with this, the stomach tube is also removed.
In every two hours, a nurse would help the patient take deep breaths and cough. This feels sore but is vital to prevent accumulation of mucus in the lungs and prevent pneumonia. The patient is taught to hug a pillow tightly while coughing to ease out any discomfort. The patient must express discomfort felt at coughing and medications are suggested accordingly. Slowly fluid intake is initiated and you can gradually increase your daily activities such as walking around the room. After a few days, the patient is shifted to the recovery room where the rest of the recovery takes place before discharge.
Notify your doctor if you feel swelling and redness around incision area, fevers and chills, or pain in the area of the incision. You should rest and keep the surgical area as clean as possible at home.
While depending upon a range of factors, the minimum cost for Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland is USD 15000. There many JCI, TEMOS, OECI certified hospitals in Poland that offer Heart Double Valve Replacement
Heart Double Valve Replacement package cost in Poland has different inclusions and exclusions. The Heart Double Valve Replacement package cost usually includes all the expenses related to pre and post surgery expenses of the patient. The Heart Double Valve Replacement cost in Poland includes the cost of anesthesia, medicines, hospitalization and the surgeon's fee. Extended hospital stay, complications after the surgery or new diagnosis may affect the overall cost of Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland.
There are many hospitals across the country that offer Heart Double Valve Replacement to international patients. Some of the best hospitals for Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland include the following:
After discharge from the hospital, the patient has to stay for another 21 days in the country for complete recovery. This is important to ensure that the surgery was successful. During this time, control and follow-up tests take place to check for medical fitness.
Poland is considered to be one of the best places for Heart Double Valve Replacement in the world. This is because of the availability of some of the best doctors, advanced medical technology and good hospital infrastructure. Some of the other destinations that are popular for Heart Double Valve Replacement include the following:
Country | Cost |
---|---|
Czechia | USD 45000 |
Greece | USD 20500 |
India | USD 9500 |
Israel | USD 65000 |
Poland | USD 15000 |
Saudi Arabia | USD 33000 |
Singapore | USD 52500 |
South Korea | USD 70000 |
Thailand | USD 50000 |
Tunisia | USD 9500 |
Turkey | USD 15000 |
United Arab Emirates | USD 45000 |
Apart from the Heart Double Valve Replacement cost, the patient may have to pay for additional daily expenses such as for guest house after discharge and meals. The extra charges may start from USD 50 per person.
There are many cities that offer Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland, including the following:
The patient is supposed to stay at the hospital for about 5 days after Heart Double Valve Replacement for monitoring and care. This phase is important to ensure that the patient is recovering well and is clinically stable. During this time, several tests are performed before the patient is deemed suitable for discharge.
There are more than 1 hospitals that offer Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland. Such clinics have the required infrastructure and a dedicated unit where patients can be treated. These hospitals comply with all the rules and regulations as dictated by the regulatory bodies and medical association in Poland
Some of the best doctors for Heart Double Valve Replacement in Poland are:
Poland has several top-quality clinics, such as:
These hospitals house highly experienced and well-trained doctors who can handle even the most complicated cases. All kinds of surgeries are offered at these multispecialty hospitals and they follow strict medical protocols. World-class treatments are available at an affordable cost in these hospitals. All modern facilities are provided to patients to make their stay as comfortable as possible.
The healthcare system in Poland is accredited by the National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA). Launched in 1998, Poland’s Hospital Accreditation Programme focuses on uplifting the quality of care provided by healthcare and improving patient safety standards. There is a strict process to receive accreditation. Hospitals are mandated to follow appropriate procedures defined by the accreditation body. NCQA evaluates healthcare facilities on stringent parameters such as administrative management and quality of patient care, and performance management.
Poland has emerged as one of the major medical tourist destinations in the world and has gained popularity among patients who come here mainly from Western Europe. Some of the factors like highly professional medical staff, top quality of services, shorter waiting times for surgeries, and affordable treatment price, contribute to Poland’s popularity in medical tourism. The world-class clinics in Poland are backed with modern infrastructure and the doctors are known for their excellence in various procedures. All the healthcare facilities in Poland are strictly monitored by the Polish Ministry of Health, which ensures the maintenance of standards of hygiene and patient care.All medical service providers and hospitals in Poland are subordinate to the Polish Ministry of Health, which looks after the maintenance of standards of hygiene and patient care.
A Schengen Visa allows a person to travel to Poland to seek medical treatment. If you own a Schengen Visa, you can stay in Poland for a maximum period of 90 days. You need to submit the below documents for applying for a medical visa:
All the submitted documents are thoroughly checked by the Poland embassy before issuing a medical visa.
Some of the popular medical procedures available in Poland are:
Cosmetic surgery is the most popular procedure availble in the country, with a high success rate. The credit mainly goes to the highly trained plastic surgeons who have worked for years in European clinics and are in a regular contact with surgeons from all over the world. Poland has reported the highest sucess rate in IVF in whole Europe. Around 32 percent of IVF are successful per treatment cycle. Several factors conntribute to the popularity of these popular proceduces in Poland, such as world-class hospitals with superior infrastructure and highly-skilled doctors, fast recovery, and use of cutting-edge medical technology.
Poland's Medical tourism destinations are based in major cities which are easily accessible by plane. Poland’s major medical tourism destinations are Warsaw, Gdansk, Krakow, Szczecin and Wroclaw. Most of these cities have an efficient public transportation system, language assistance, cheap accommodation options, and connectivity. Warsaw is the most beautiful island in Poland where patients can completely relax and rejuvenate after treatment and experience a speedy recovery.
Clinics in Poland offer world-class facilities to international patients to ensure safety and comfort throughout their stay in Poland. Some of the facilities available at clinics in Poland are:
Clinics in Poland help international patients at all stages of their treatment journey, right from queries, preparations for their travel, arrival, visit of the hospital, and follow-up care. The hospitals are committed to meeting all the needs and requirements that you or your family members may have during your stay at the hospital.
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