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Atrial Septal Defect is a congenital heart defect in which there is a hole in the wall (septum) between the upper chambers of the heart (atria). This hole allows blood to flow between the atria, which leads to increased blood flow to the lungs. While small ASDs may not cause any significant concerns, whereas larger ones may require medical attention, such as surgical repair, to prevent complications.
The main reason for atrial septal defects remains elusive, manifesting as an alteration in the heart's structure during fetal development. The intricate process of the baby's heart formation is an essential stage for the emergence of this condition.
ASDs may arise due to the following factors, including
- Genetic variations
- Specific medical conditions
- Exposure to particular medications
- Smoking
Atrial septal defects (ASDs) may be better understood by considering the normal functioning of the heart, which has four chambers – two atria and two ventricles. The right side of the heart directs blood to the lungs for oxygenation, while the left side pumps oxygenated blood throughout the body via the aorta. A significant ASD can lead to an excess flow of blood to the lungs, straining the right side of the heart. If left untreated, this can result in the enlargement and weakening of the right heart chamber and an elevation in pulmonary artery pressure, Causing pulmonary hypertension.
There are different types of ASDs classified based on the Location and the size of the hole, these include:
- Scendeum Atrial Defects: It is the most common type of ASD, in which a hole occurs in the central part of the atrial septa (wall of the heart).
- Primum Atrial Septal Defects: It affects the atrial septum's lower part which is closer to the Tricuspid valve.
- Sinus venous Atrial Septal Defect: This defect occurs closure to the Superior Vena cava or inferior vena cava.
- Coronary Sinus Atrial Septal Defects: This is the least common type of ASD in which the defect is associated with Coronary Sinus.
Top Selling Packages for Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Repair
ASD/VSD- Closure / Repair (Adult)
Amrita Hospital, Faridabad, India
USD 5000 USD 5500
ASD Repair
Aakash Healthcare Super Speciality Hospital, Delhi, India
USD 5500 USD 6600
Atrial Septal Defect (ASD) Repair
Yatharth hospital, Delhi / NCR, India
USD 5500 USD 6500
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IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
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- Premier multi-speciality research hospital specialising in molecular medicine, gene therapy, and cardiovascular care.
- Part of Gruppo San Donato (GSD) and affiliated with Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele.
- Treats around 1.5 million patients annually, including many international visitors.
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- Offers advanced services in cardiac surgery, electrophysiology, oncology, urology, gene therapy, plastic surgery, and diagnostic imaging.
- Equipped with state-of-the-art operating theatres, diagnostic labs, and 1,640 patient beds.
- Provides multilingual support, patient-focused care, and on-site pharmacies, labs, and cafeterias.
- Ranked among the World’s Best Specialised Hospitals (2025) for cardiology and cardiac surgery.
Casa di Cura La Madonnina
milan, Italy
- Casa di Cura La Madonnina is a renowned multidisciplinary private clinic in Milan, Italy. It provides premium healthcare services with a focus on advanced diagnostics, personalised care, and surgical excellence. The clinic offers state-of-the-art operating rooms, luxury patient rooms, and an exclusive patient experience for both Italian and international patients. It is recognised for its expertise in fields such as fertility and IVF, cardiology, plastic surgery, and digestive endoscopy.
- It integrates clinical excellence with a high standard of comfort and privacy, making it one of the most prestigious private healthcare institutions in Italy.
IRCCS Policlinico San Donato
milan, Italy
- Leading multi-speciality research hospital, specialising in cardiovascular care, established in 1969.
- Part of Gruppo San Donato (GSD) and affiliated with the University of Milan.
- Serves around 300,000 patients annually, including international patients.
- Recognised as a European Reference Centre (ERN GUARD-Heart) for congenital heart diseases.
- Offers advanced services in cardiac surgery, electrophysiology, diagnostic imaging, plastic surgery, and metabolic health.
- Equipped with 10 advanced operating theatres, hemodynamics & electrophysiology labs, and 430 patient beds.
- Multilingual support and patient-centred care, with on-site pharmacies, laboratories, and cafeterias.
- Ranked among the World’s Best Specialised Hospitals (2025) for cardiology and cardiac surgery.
IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi- Sant’Ambrogio
milan, Italy
- IRCCS Galeazzi Hospital – Sant’Ambrogio is a leading multidisciplinary hospital located in Milan, Italy. It is internationally renowned for its excellence in orthopaedics, cardiovascular care, and advanced minimally invasive surgery. The hospital features cutting-edge diagnostic technology and state-of-the-art surgical facilities. It is part of the San Donato Hospital Group, combining research, innovation, and high-quality patient care.
- Recognised since 2006 as an IRCCS for research in locomotor system diseases.
- It combines high‑quality clinical care with translational and basic research in orthopaedics, biomechanics, regenerative medicine, etc.
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