Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be temporarily removed from the brain's ventricles via an external ventricular drainage procedure (EVD). CSF surrounds the brain and spinal cord, aiding in their defense. The brain's ventricles are the regions that hold this fluid. This page provides you with information about external ventricular drainage and what to expect when your child undergoes this procedure, courtesy of Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH). The brain ventricle is punctured with a catheter, a tiny plastic tube, which is used in the external ventricular drainage (EVD) system. This is linked to an external drainage system.
Factors affecting the cost of the External Ventricular Drainage:
- Hospital Fees: A substantial portion of the total expense of EVD is related to hospital fees. This covers overhead expenditures, personnel wages, administrative fees, and costs related to using hospital facilities.
- Procedure Complexity: An EVD procedure's cost may vary depending on how complicated it is. If there are any issues with the drain's insertion or maintenance, more resources might be needed, which would raise the final cost.
- Medical Supplies and Equipment: The price of the supplies and equipment needed for the EVD process, such as dressings, catheters, tubing, sterile drapes, and the drain itself, can add a substantial amount to the final cost.
- Physician Fees: The total cost will also be impacted by the professional fees that the neurosurgeon or other physician performing the EVD procedure will charge. This could change depending on the surgeon's background, area of specialization, and region.
- Anesthesia Fees: These costs will be added to the total cost of the EVD operation if general anesthesia or sedation is needed. These fees may vary depending on the kind and length of anesthetic used.
- Hospital Stay: The total cost may vary depending on how long a patient must stay in the hospital for EVD insertion and the following monitoring. Room and board, nursing care, and other related services will cost more during extended hospital stays.
- Diagnostic Examinations and Monitoring: Before, during, and after the implantation of an EVD, additional diagnostic examinations such as imaging investigations (such as CT scans and MRIs) and monitoring (such as intracranial pressure monitoring) may be required. The expense is increased overall by these tests and monitoring.
- Complications and Follow-up Care: Adverse events resulting after the implantation of an EVD, such as bleeding or infections, may require further medical attention, prescription drugs, or surgery. One should think about how much it will cost to manage these issues and provide follow-up care.
- Geographical Location: Local market dynamics and a patient's geographic location might affect the cost of healthcare services. In comparison to rural areas, hospitals in urban areas or places with higher cost of life may charge more.
| Country | Cost | Local_currency |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | USD 2545 - 5053 | 2011 - 3992 |
| Turkey | USD 2299 - 5653 | 69292 - 170381 |
| Spain | USD 2000 | 1840 |
| United States | USD 3000 - 5600 | 3000 - 5600 |
| Singapore | USD 1300 - 3200 | 1742 - 4288 |
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also referred to as ventriculostomy or extra ventricular drain, is a neurosurgical device used to manage hydrocephalus and reduce elevated intracranial pressure caused by blockages in the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain.
The temporary drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the lateral ventricles of the brain or the lumbar area of the spine into an external collection bag is known as external drainage and monitoring. Using a mix of gravity and intracerebral pressure, an external ventricular drainage (EVD) system drains CSF. The rate of drainage is determined by the height of the EVD system in relation to the patient's anatomy.
In neurocritical care, EVDs are used to:
- Reduce high intracranial pressure (ICP)
- CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) that has become infectious should be drained
- After surgery or a hemorrhage, drain any crimson CSF or blood
- Keep an eye on the CSF flow rate
- Patients undergoing open TAA/TAAA repair surgery or who become symptomatic after surgery should have their CSF removed
Types of drainage used in EVD:
- Continuous drainage
- Intermittent drainage
- A neurosurgeon places a catheter in the ventricular system of the brain following creation of a minute hole (burr hole) in the cranium, normally in the forehead bone.
- To measure and control intracranial pressure and to let CSF be drained out, the catheter is connected to an external draining and monitoring unit.
- The drain is pitched to a definite level to control the flow.
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Hematoma
- Catheter blockage
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Care national Hospital
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Care National Hospital located in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- International patient care services of Care National Hospital is also at par with global standards. They provide all kinds of assistance to the patients coming from different nationalities to get required treatment.
- Innovative healthcare practices are employed in the hospital and the healthcare providers routinely go over and above to provide the best treatment that any patient could get.
- The hospital specialises in providing patients with customised healthcare options.
- A multispecialty hospital with integrated departments, it has a bed capacity of 459.
- Homecare services are also routinely provided to the patients of Care National Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Outpatient Clinics include the following:
- Department of Binoculars
- Emergency Department
- Radiology Department
- Laboratory
- Blood Bank
- Department of Physical Therapy
- Pharmacy
Meliva Kardiolita Hospital, Vilnius
Vilnius, Lithuania
Kardiolita Hospital, Vilnius located in Vilnius, Lithuania is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- An outpatient department, 56-beds for inpatients
- 13 advanced operation theatres
- 24-hour intensive care unit
- Emergency Department
- Gynecology Center
- Vascular Center
- ENT Center
- Neurology Center
- General and Abdominal Surgery Center
- The staff also takes care of your air travel and pick & drop facility
The Madras Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology
Chennai, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage in The Madras Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology and its associated cost
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (Overall) | 2314 - 4633 | 190056 - 384173 |
| Standard EVD | 1128 - 2812 | 90801 - 232847 |
| Minimally Invasive EVD | 1383 - 3319 | 113858 - 266821 |
| EVD with Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | 1857 - 3700 | 153759 - 310787 |
- Address: MIOT International, Mount Poonamallee Road, Sathya Nagar, Manapakkam, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
- Facilities related to The Madras Institute of Orthopedics and Traumatology: Interpreter, SIM, Airport Transfer, Accommodation
Manipal Hospital, Ghaziabad
Ghaziabad, India
Founded in 2010, Manipal Hospital-Ghaziabad (formerly Columbia Asia Hospital) is a well-known multispecialty hospital accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Hospitals and Healthcare Providers (NABH). With 100 beds, the hospital is committed to providing effective and reasonably priced healthcare in a clean and safe setting. The hospital has several departments that are known for their expertise, including Orthopaedics, Internal Medicine, Gastroenterology, Plastic Surgery, Obstetrics and Gynecology, ENT, and more. Due to this recognition, the hospital is now regarded as one of the best medical establishments in the Ghaziabad area.
Clinique Averroes
Marrakesh, Morocco
The multifunctional Averroès Clinic is situated in Marrakech's Guéliz neighborhood. Originally known as Polyclinique Ibn Rochd, Averroès Marrakech now spans three newly refurbished and upgraded floors comprising more than 1500m2, all of which are devoted to the patient's health and well-being.
Vinmec Central Park International Hospital
Ho Chi Minh, Vietnam
- A modern multi-speciality hospital with 178 inpatient beds across seven floors and three basements.
- Equipped with advanced diagnostic imaging technologies including MRI, CT Scan, X-ray, Ultrasound, and Digital Mammography.
- The cardiology department features state-of-the-art facilities, including cardiovascular intervention suites and advanced echocardiography equipment.
- The Oncology centre offers comprehensive cancer diagnosis and treatment with access to modern radiotherapy and chemotherapy equipment.
- Sophisticated life-support systems and continuous patient monitoring technology support ICU and emergency units.
- Operating theatres are equipped with high-tech surgical instruments and infection control systems to ensure safety and precision.
- Neonatal and pediatric care units are equipped with specialised equipment to support the health of newborns and children.
- Gastroenterology and endoscopy services utilise high-definition endoscopic imaging for accurate diagnosis and minimally invasive procedures.
- Laboratory services certified to international standards offer fast and accurate testing, utilising advanced automation.
- Pharmacy services ensure the availability of a wide range of medications with stringent quality control.
- Integrated IT systems facilitate online patient registration, appointment scheduling, and real-time access to medical results.
- Pain management and anaesthesia departments utilise modern techniques to enhance patient comfort during procedures.
- Specialised centres for obstetrics, gynaecology, and general surgery deliver comprehensive care with expert medical teams.
- Focus on personalised treatment plans developed through collaboration with international medical experts and continuous training.
IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele
milan, Italy
- Premier multi-speciality research hospital specialising in molecular medicine, gene therapy, and cardiovascular care.
- Part of Gruppo San Donato (GSD) and affiliated with Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele.
- Treats around 1.5 million patients annually, including many international visitors.
- Designated as a European Reference Centre (ERN GUARD-Heart) for complex heart conditions.
- Offers advanced services in cardiac surgery, electrophysiology, oncology, urology, gene therapy, plastic surgery, and diagnostic imaging.
- Equipped with state-of-the-art operating theatres, diagnostic labs, and 1,640 patient beds.
- Provides multilingual support, patient-focused care, and on-site pharmacies, labs, and cafeterias.
- Ranked among the World’s Best Specialised Hospitals (2025) for cardiology and cardiac surgery.
Manipal Hospitals Goa, Dona Paula
Panjim, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage in Manipal Hospitals Goa, Dona Paula and its associated cost
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (Overall) | 2534 - 5061 | 207597 - 414242 |
| Standard EVD | 1224 - 3046 | 100084 - 249044 |
| Minimally Invasive EVD | 1527 - 3546 | 124261 - 291215 |
| EVD with Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | 2036 - 4048 | 165767 - 332313 |
- Address: Manipal Hospital, Panjim, Goa, India
- Facilities related to Manipal Hospitals Goa, Dona Paula: Post operative followup, Mobility Accessible Rooms, Online Doctor Consultation, Air Ambulance, Religious Facilities
IBS Hospital
Delhi, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage in IBS Hospital and its associated cost
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (Overall) | 2536 - 5096 | 207502 - 415751 |
| Standard EVD | 1214 - 3033 | 100192 - 250191 |
| Minimally Invasive EVD | 1518 - 3562 | 124888 - 291282 |
| EVD with Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | 2034 - 4068 | 166267 - 332665 |
- Address: IBS Hospital Lajpat Nagar, Block L, Lajpat Nagar III, Lajpat Nagar, New Delhi, Delhi
- Facilities related to IBS Hospital: Choice of Meals, Interpreter, SIM, TV inside room, Accommodation
VPS Lakeshore Hospital
Kochi, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage in VPS Lakeshore Hospital and its associated cost
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (Overall) | 2540 - 5055 | 208916 - 418044 |
| Standard EVD | 1221 - 3047 | 99496 - 249571 |
| Minimally Invasive EVD | 1524 - 3549 | 124623 - 291785 |
| EVD with Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | 2026 - 4051 | 166732 - 334300 |
- Address: VPS Lakeshore Hospital, Nettoor, Maradu, Ernakulam, Kerala, India
- Facilities related to VPS Lakeshore Hospital: Choice of Meals, Interpreter, SIM, TV inside room, Accommodation
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+99Process Involved for External Ventricular Drainage
- Consultation: To assess symptoms and determine if EVD is warranted, make an appointment with a neurosurgeon or neurologist.
- Preoperative Assessment: To verify the diagnosis of hydrocephalus or other illness necessitating EVD, take a patient's medical history and symptoms and perform imaging studies.
- Treatment Discussion: Based on the patient's condition, decide whether EVD is the most appropriate course of action or whether other treatments could be considered.
- Surgical Planning: Discuss the procedure's benefits, risks, and expected recovery with the patient.
- After Surgery Follow-up: Monitor recovery, deal with any issue, and check the procedure's effectiveness with follow-up imaging and symptom checking.
- Acute Hydrocephalus
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Brain Tumors
- Infections
- Acute Hydrocephalus (increased intracranial pressure due to fluid buildup)
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (with hydrocephalus or brain swelling)
- Intracranial Hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain)
- Brain Tumors
- Post-Surgical Drainage
- Infections (such as meningitis, requiring pressure relief)
- Reduced Intracranial Pressure
- Improved Neurological Function
- Prevention of Further Brain Damage
- Stabilisation of the Patient’s Condition
- Neurologist
- Neurosurgeon
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