Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can be temporarily removed from the brain's ventricles via an external ventricular drainage procedure (EVD). CSF surrounds the brain and spinal cord, aiding in their defense. The brain's ventricles are the regions that hold this fluid. This page provides you with information about external ventricular drainage and what to expect when your child undergoes this procedure, courtesy of Great Ormond Street Hospital (GOSH). The brain ventricle is punctured with a catheter, a tiny plastic tube, which is used in the external ventricular drainage (EVD) system. This is linked to an external drainage system.
Factors affecting the cost of the External Ventricular Drainage:
- Hospital Fees: A substantial portion of the total expense of EVD is related to hospital fees. This covers overhead expenditures, personnel wages, administrative fees, and costs related to using hospital facilities.
- Procedure Complexity: An EVD procedure's cost may vary depending on how complicated it is. If there are any issues with the drain's insertion or maintenance, more resources might be needed, which would raise the final cost.
- Medical Supplies and Equipment: The price of the supplies and equipment needed for the EVD process, such as dressings, catheters, tubing, sterile drapes, and the drain itself, can add a substantial amount to the final cost.
- Physician Fees: The total cost will also be impacted by the professional fees that the neurosurgeon or other physician performing the EVD procedure will charge. This could change depending on the surgeon's background, area of specialization, and region.
- Anesthesia Fees: These costs will be added to the total cost of the EVD operation if general anesthesia or sedation is needed. These fees may vary depending on the kind and length of anesthetic used.
- Hospital Stay: The total cost may vary depending on how long a patient must stay in the hospital for EVD insertion and the following monitoring. Room and board, nursing care, and other related services will cost more during extended hospital stays.
- Diagnostic Examinations and Monitoring: Before, during, and after the implantation of an EVD, additional diagnostic examinations such as imaging investigations (such as CT scans and MRIs) and monitoring (such as intracranial pressure monitoring) may be required. The expense is increased overall by these tests and monitoring.
- Complications and Follow-up Care: Adverse events resulting after the implantation of an EVD, such as bleeding or infections, may require further medical attention, prescription drugs, or surgery. One should think about how much it will cost to manage these issues and provide follow-up care.
- Geographical Location: Local market dynamics and a patient's geographic location might affect the cost of healthcare services. In comparison to rural areas, hospitals in urban areas or places with higher cost of life may charge more.
| Country | Cost | Local_currency |
|---|---|---|
| United Kingdom | USD 2545 - 5053 | 2011 - 3992 |
| Turkey | USD 2299 - 5653 | 69292 - 170381 |
| Spain | USD 2000 | 1840 |
| United States | USD 3000 - 5600 | 3000 - 5600 |
| Singapore | USD 1300 - 3200 | 1742 - 4288 |
An external ventricular drain (EVD), also referred to as ventriculostomy or extra ventricular drain, is a neurosurgical device used to manage hydrocephalus and reduce elevated intracranial pressure caused by blockages in the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the brain.
The temporary drainage of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the lateral ventricles of the brain or the lumbar area of the spine into an external collection bag is known as external drainage and monitoring. Using a mix of gravity and intracerebral pressure, an external ventricular drainage (EVD) system drains CSF. The rate of drainage is determined by the height of the EVD system in relation to the patient's anatomy.
In neurocritical care, EVDs are used to:
- Reduce high intracranial pressure (ICP)
- CSF (cerebrospinal fluid) that has become infectious should be drained
- After surgery or a hemorrhage, drain any crimson CSF or blood
- Keep an eye on the CSF flow rate
- Patients undergoing open TAA/TAAA repair surgery or who become symptomatic after surgery should have their CSF removed
Types of drainage used in EVD:
- Continuous drainage
- Intermittent drainage
- A neurosurgeon places a catheter in the ventricular system of the brain following creation of a minute hole (burr hole) in the cranium, normally in the forehead bone.
- To measure and control intracranial pressure and to let CSF be drained out, the catheter is connected to an external draining and monitoring unit.
- The drain is pitched to a definite level to control the flow.
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Hematoma
- Catheter blockage
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Max Super Specialty Hospital, Shalimar Bagh
Delhi, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage in Max Super Specialty Hospital, Shalimar Bagh and its associated cost
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (Overall) | 2531 - 5070 | 207058 - 414327 |
| Standard EVD | 1213 - 3058 | 99683 - 250495 |
| Minimally Invasive EVD | 1520 - 3570 | 125206 - 291739 |
| EVD with Intracranial Pressure Monitoring | 2026 - 4046 | 166390 - 333384 |
- Address: Max Super Speciality Hospital, Shalimar Bagh, Max Wali Road, C and D Block, Shalimar Place Site, Shalimar Bagh, New Delhi, Delhi, India
- Facilities related to Max Super Specialty Hospital, Shalimar Bagh: Post operative followup, Mobility Accessible Rooms, Online Doctor Consultation, Air Ambulance, Religious Facilities
Rajagiri Hospital
Kochi, India
- Rajagiri Hospital, Kochi, Kerala, is a leading multi-speciality tertiary care hospital known for providing world-class medical services with advanced technology and compassionate care.
- Accredited by JCI, NABH, and NABL, the hospital offers comprehensive treatment across specialities like Cardiology, Oncology, Neurology, Gastroenterology, Orthopaedics, Nephrology, Urology, and Paediatrics, making it a trusted healthcare destination in South India.
Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
As a tertiary care hospital, Bukit Tinggi Medical Centre (BTMC) is committed to providing high-quality, reasonably priced healthcare.
With a focus on patient care and a team of committed medical professionals and personnel, we want to realize our ambition of becoming Klang's go-to healthcare provider. Orthopedics, neurosurgery, cardiac surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, pediatrics and rehabilitation, aesthetic surgery, and other specialties are all part of our multidisciplinary team approach. Additionally, BTMC has a Health Screening Center that provides a range of health packages to meet the requirements of diverse patient types.
IRCCS Policlinico San Donato
milan, Italy
- Leading multi-speciality research hospital, specialising in cardiovascular care, established in 1969.
- Part of Gruppo San Donato (GSD) and affiliated with the University of Milan.
- Serves around 300,000 patients annually, including international patients.
- Recognised as a European Reference Centre (ERN GUARD-Heart) for congenital heart diseases.
- Offers advanced services in cardiac surgery, electrophysiology, diagnostic imaging, plastic surgery, and metabolic health.
- Equipped with 10 advanced operating theatres, hemodynamics & electrophysiology labs, and 430 patient beds.
- Multilingual support and patient-centred care, with on-site pharmacies, laboratories, and cafeterias.
- Ranked among the World’s Best Specialised Hospitals (2025) for cardiology and cardiac surgery.
IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi- Sant’Ambrogio
milan, Italy
- IRCCS Galeazzi Hospital – Sant’Ambrogio is a leading multidisciplinary hospital located in Milan, Italy. It is internationally renowned for its excellence in orthopaedics, cardiovascular care, and advanced minimally invasive surgery. The hospital features cutting-edge diagnostic technology and state-of-the-art surgical facilities. It is part of the San Donato Hospital Group, combining research, innovation, and high-quality patient care.
- Recognised since 2006 as an IRCCS for research in locomotor system diseases.
- It combines high‑quality clinical care with translational and basic research in orthopaedics, biomechanics, regenerative medicine, etc.
Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh
Delhi, India
Types of External Ventricular Drainage & Its Cost at Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh
| Treatment Option | Approximate Cost Range (USD) | Approximate Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| External Ventricular Drainage (EVD) | 1,500 - 3,000 | 123000 - 246000 |
Factors affecting External Ventricular Drainage cost in Fortis Hospital, Shalimar Bagh
| Cost Factors | Cost Range (USD) | Cost Range (INR) |
|---|---|---|
| Surgeon's Fee | 500 - 1,000 | 41000 - 82000 |
| Anesthesia Charges | 300 - 500 | 24600 - 41000 |
| Medications and Supplies | 200 - 400 | 16400 - 32800 |
| Diagnostic Tests | 200 - 500 | 16400 - 41000 |
| Hospital Stay | 500 - 1,000 per day | 41000 - 82000 (per day) |
| Intensive Care Unit (ICU) if required | 1,000 - 2,000 per day | 82000 - 164000 (per day) |
| Miscellaneous Charges | 200 - 500 | 16400 - 41000 |
Marengo Asia Hospitals, Faridabad
Faridabad, India
Marengo Asia Hospitals, located in Faridabad, is a multispecialty, state-of-the-art, and patient-friendly facility that combines the greatest services available in the healthcare segment. With 325 beds now, the hospital can accommodate up to 550 beds. It has first-rate medical facilities including a Critical Care Medicine department for patients with life-threatening conditions. Furthermore, our highly skilled medical staff and cutting-edge software system make us the perfect facility for patients from various backgrounds. We always aim to exceed expectations and are always looking for ways to boost our performance.
Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram
Gurgaon, India
- Marengo Asia Hospitals, Gurugram, is a 250-bed multi-speciality tertiary care hospital, formerly known as W Pratiksha Hospital.
- A major medical centre for Delhi NCR and North India, it is situated on Golf Course Extension Road, Sector 56, Gurugram.
- The hospital's NABH and NABL accreditation ensures compliance with international standards for patient care, safety, and quality.
- Provides extensive medical care in more than 21 specialities, including as women's health, neurology, orthopaedics, cardiology, and cancer.
- Advanced robotic-assisted spine surgery tools and neuro-monitoring technology are available at the Marengo Asia International Institute of Neuro & Spine (MAIINS), a Centre of Excellence in Neurosciences.
- Equipped with cutting-edge equipment, such as automated labs, sophisticated imaging, and contemporary operating rooms.
- Features specialised ICUs, NICUs, and modular OTs built for complex and minimally invasive procedures.
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+99Process Involved for External Ventricular Drainage
- Consultation: To assess symptoms and determine if EVD is warranted, make an appointment with a neurosurgeon or neurologist.
- Preoperative Assessment: To verify the diagnosis of hydrocephalus or other illness necessitating EVD, take a patient's medical history and symptoms and perform imaging studies.
- Treatment Discussion: Based on the patient's condition, decide whether EVD is the most appropriate course of action or whether other treatments could be considered.
- Surgical Planning: Discuss the procedure's benefits, risks, and expected recovery with the patient.
- After Surgery Follow-up: Monitor recovery, deal with any issue, and check the procedure's effectiveness with follow-up imaging and symptom checking.
- Acute Hydrocephalus
- Traumatic Brain Injury
- Intracranial Hemorrhage
- Brain Tumors
- Infections
- Acute Hydrocephalus (increased intracranial pressure due to fluid buildup)
- Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) (with hydrocephalus or brain swelling)
- Intracranial Hemorrhage (bleeding in the brain)
- Brain Tumors
- Post-Surgical Drainage
- Infections (such as meningitis, requiring pressure relief)
- Reduced Intracranial Pressure
- Improved Neurological Function
- Prevention of Further Brain Damage
- Stabilisation of the Patient’s Condition
- Neurologist
- Neurosurgeon
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