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Cost of Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) Worldwide

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Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) is performed to relieve severe, chronic chest pain (angina) in patients who are not candidates for conventional procedures like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It improves blood flow directly to the heart muscle by creating small channels in the myocardium (heart wall), allowing oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to nourish ischemic areas. TMR is especially useful in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease or those with previously failed revascularization attempts.

You should consult a cardiologist if you're experiencing persistent chest pain despite optimal medical therapy, especially if previous stent placement or bypass surgery hasn’t worked or isn’t an option. TMR is typically considered for patients with refractory angina who are at high surgical risk or have complex blockages not amenable to traditional methods.

Preparation for TMR includes a complete cardiac evaluation — such as ECG, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and stress tests — to assess heart function and identify suitable candidates. Patients are advised to fast for several hours before the surgery or procedure and to temporarily stop certain medications as instructed. A detailed consultation will cover the procedure, potential risks, and recovery expectations.

Usually, a powerful CO₂ or Holmium:YAG laser is used for TMR as a minimally invasive treatment or during open heart surgery:
  • Hybrid or standalone surgical TMR: After making a tiny incision in the chest, 20–40 tiny channels are formed in the left ventricle wall using a laser. These channels permit blood to enter oxygen-depleted cardiac tissue straight from the ventricle.
  • A hybrid strategy: In some situations, if only some coronary arteries can be bypassed and others need TMR, TMR and CABG are combined.

The procedure generally takes one to two hours. Hospitalisation typically lasts 3 to 5 days after standalone TMR, while hybrid TMR with bypass surgery may require a longer stay depending on patient condition and surgical complexity.

  • Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Pericardial effusion (fluid around the heart)
  • Stroke or heart attack (rare)
  • Reaction to anesthesia

  • Significant reduction in angina symptoms
  • Improved quality of life and exercise tolerance
  • Decreased dependence on anti-anginal medications
  • Beneficial for patients with no other surgical options
  • May promote long-term blood vessel formation (angiogenesis)

Recovery time varies by the type of procedure. After TMR, patients are typically monitored in the ICU for 24–48 hours. Discomfort at the incision site is normal. Physical activity is gradually resumed over weeks. Regular follow-up is essential to monitor heart function and adjust medications.

TMR has an 80–90% success rate in easing the symptoms of angina. Many patients report significant pain reduction and increased everyday functioning, even if it might not be able to treat coronary artery disease. The greatest long-term advantages occur when lifestyle changes and the best medical care are combined.

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Explore Hospitals ( 67 )
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • The number of beds in the hospital are 138 and Intensive Care beds are 23.
  • There are as many as 6.500 access points for a building control system.
  • There are 10 Operating theatres and more than 500 employees.
  • There are specific healthcare facilities in Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey which have been established per integrated healthcare outreach such as Breast Health Center, Check-up Center, and Diabetes Clinic etc.
  • The hospital has the very best of Medical Technologies such as Flast CT, da Vinci robot, Magnetom Area MRI, Greenlight, Ortophos XG 3D and Full Body MRI, 4-Dimensional Breast Ultrasound, 3-Dimensional Tomosynthesis Digital Mammography.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Meliva Kardiolita Hospital, Kaunas: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Kaunas, Lithuania

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Kardiolita Hospital, Kaunas located in Kaunas, Lithuania has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • An outpatient department, 56-beds for inpatients
  • 13 advanced operation theatres
  • 24-hour intensive care unit
  • Emergency Department
  • Gynecology Center
  • Vascular Center
  • ENT Center
  • Neurology Center
  • General and Abdominal Surgery Center
  • The staff also takes care of your air travel and pick & drop facility
  • Gynecology Center
  • Vascular Center
  • ENT Center
  • Neurology Center
  • General and Abdominal Surgery Center
  • The staff also takes care of your air travel and pick & drop facility
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Sagrat Cor University Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Barcelona, Spain

The Hospital is an amalgamation of a group of buildings located in the Eixample Left of Barcelona, ??between Paris, Viladomat, and London streets. It has a capacity of 350 adjustable beds and first-class hotel-like services inpatient rooms. Currently, it has a workforce of about 1100 Healthcare Professionals. 

In order to treat patients with intensive care, the Hospital has 10 beds in its ICU for critically ill patients. 

The Hospital has launched a few more things to improve customers’ services- 4 new Operating Rooms and a New Diagnostic Imaging Service.

Other Services

  • Surgical Block with 13 major surgery operating rooms, 5 operating rooms for Minor Surgeries, 1 for Dermatology Service
  • The Non-Admitted Surgery Unit (UCSI) Major Outpatient Surgery (CMA) has a total of 14 units to care for major surgery patients who do not require admission to hospitalization
  • Rehabilitation Center with treatment boxes and group therapy room, Gym, Medical visit offices, priests rooms, waiting rooms, and others 
  • 7 Examination Cabinets 
  • The pediatric patients waiting room 
  • Emergency Center-12 emergency boxes, 1 double resuscitation box, and 7 rapid visit offices

Types of Room

Double Rooms, Double Rooms for Individual Use, and Single Rooms; equipped with an easy-to-use electrical movement control system and a nursing call/warning system, located at the head of the bed, a sofa-bed for the companion, and a bathroom with a shower. They are also equipped with television and telephone.

A cafeteria/Restaurant is also available for the patients or visitors.

Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Amrita Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Faridabad, India

  • National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH)

Founded in 1998 by Mata Amritanandamayi (Amma), the Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre is one of India’s leading healthcare institutions, accredited by ISO, NABH, and NABL. With 2 branches, 7 medical colleges, and a network of 800+ doctors and 2,600+ beds, it offers comprehensive care across 81 specialties and 12 super-specialty departments, supported by 60+ modern operating theatres and 534 critical care beds. The Faridabad campus, a world-class multispeciality facility, houses advanced centers for oncology, neurosciences, cardiac sciences, gastro-sciences, mother and child care, and trauma care, along with India’s most comprehensive infectious disease unit. Guided by a mission of compassion and innovation, Amrita Hospitals combine cutting-edge medicine with humanitarian service to empower communities and promote holistic well-being.

Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Catalunya General University Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Barcelona, Spain

  • ISO 9001
  • A 328-bed capacity, offering comfortable rooms with modern facilities for patient recovery.
  • Twenty-two intensive care beds are available for adults, children, and newborns needing close monitoring.
  • Seventeen advanced surgical theatres are used for different operations, from general to highly specialised surgeries.
  • Over 120 medical consultation rooms where patients receive personalised outpatient care.
  • A full suite of diagnostic imaging tools, including MRI, CT, and ultrasound, for accurate medical evaluations.
  • A round-the-clock emergency department equipped to handle urgent and critical health issues.
  • Dedicated units for neurology and neurosurgery, treating conditions such as stroke, epilepsy, and nerve disorders.
  • Neurological testing facilities, including EEG and EMG, are available for detailed assessments of the brain and nerves.
  • A strong focus on rehabilitation, helping patients recover from surgeries, injuries, or neurological events.
  • A maternity area designed for safe deliveries, with neonatal support for newborn care.
  • A day hospital section allows patients to get procedures or therapies without an overnight stay.
  • On-site services, including a pharmacy and laboratory, are available to streamline patient care and testing.
  • Support for international patients, including multilingual staff and travel and care planning assistance.
  • Additional conveniences include a cafeteria, family waiting areas, and ample parking spaces.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Jaypee Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Noida, India

  • National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH)
  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Jaypee Hospital located in Noida, India is accredited by ISO, NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • 525 beds in the first phase
  • 150 Critical Care beds
  • 325 ward beds with Suite, Deluxe, Twin Sharing, and Economy options
  • 18 Modular OTs
  • 4 Cardiac Catheterization Lab with unqie Hybrid Operating Room
  • 24 bedded Advanced Neonatal ICUs20 bedded Dialysis Units
  • 2 Linear Accelerator (IMRT, VMAT, I
  • GRT), Wide Bore CT Simulator, one Brachytherapy Suite
  • True Beam STx Linear Accelerator
  • 2 MRI (3.0 Tesla) with High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
  • 64 Slice PET CT, Gamma Camera, Dual Head 6 Slice SPECT CT
  • 256 Slice CT Scan, CT Simulation
  • Amongst the few GOLD LEED-certified hospital buildings in India
  • Appointment Scheduling
  • Flow motion 64 Slice PET CT technology
  • Pick and drop facility from/to the Airport
  • Foreign exchange facility
  • Treatment packages
  • Visa assistance
  • Admission in the hospital
  • Wi-Fi/internet service in the room
  • Travel arrangement for patient & attendant after discharge
  • Tele-consults after discharge
  • Dedicated Guest House for International Patients maintained by Jaypee Hospital
  • In-house translators for patient’s comfort
  • Assistance in getting doctor’s opinion
  • Registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office
  • Accommodation arrangements after discharge
  • Accommodation arrangement for the accompanying attendant
  • Customized diet for patient and attendant
  • Laundry services
  • Prayer room
  • Dialysis facility for 60 patients
  • Cadaver organs
  • Blood bank facilities
  • Advanced Laboratory facilities
  • Diagnostic and Radiology facilities
  • High-end Ultrasound facilities
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Chennai, India

2.9 ( 1 Reviews )
  • Joint Commission International, or JCI
  • National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH)

Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre located in Chennai, India is accredited by ISO, JCI, NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • The best minds in healthcare including specialists, and other healthcare professionals work together to treat patients with simple to complex and critical conditions.
  • The number of inpatients and outpatients (annually) are 35,000 and 2,50,000 respectively.
  • A wide range of surgical specialties, sub specialties are available in Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre Chennai.
  • The bed capacity of the hospital is 800 which is inclusive of 200 Intensive Care Unit beds.
  • Blood Bank and Eye Bank are available on a 24/7 basis.

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With over 18 years of distinguished clinical experience, Dr. Vijita Jayan is a highly accomplished Clinical Director and Rehabilitation Specialist, renowned for her expertise in neuro-rehabilitation, functional recovery, and mobility-dependent case management. Her extensive practical knowledge enables her to design and implement individualized, evidence-based rehabilitation protocols that consistently yield measurable patient outcomes. A prolific researcher and academic writer, she has authored numerous peer-reviewed articles and research papers, significantly advancing the field of rehabilitative medicine. The recipient of multiple prestigious accolades, Dr. Jayan is widely regarded as one of the foremost authorities in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, continually shaping neuro-rehabilitative care through research, innovation, and clinical excellence.. View More

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Dr. Naresh Kumar Goyal

Cardiologist

21 Years of Experience

Dr. Naresh Kumar Goyal is highly trained as a cardiologist with exposure in virtually all aspects of cardiology. He qualified with an MD in internal medicine in 1999 from SMS Medical College, Jaipur, and served in the Cardiology Department as an honorary resident. From this stage, he also started with training in the temporary pacing of the pacemaker as well as interventional services. View More