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Balloon Mitral Valvotomy is a procedure to treat a narrow mitral valve which is responsible for the flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle. Non-passage of blow flow from one compartment of the heart to another leads to symptoms like difficulty in breathing, tiredness and palpitations. Mitral stenosis or narrowing of the mitral valve if left unnoticed can lead to lung conditions like pneumonia or bronchitis. Long-standing mitral stenosis can lead to heart failure and sudden death. Hence it is important to identify the symptoms and look for immediate treatment.

Balloon Mitral valvotomy is the treatment of choice for mild to severe patients. It is an advanced technique to help relieve patients from symptoms. Failure of medical treatment, unable to undergo heart surgery and other associated comorbidity make the ideal patient. The surgery not only relieves the symptoms but also improves the overall function of the heart. This prolongs the life of the patient while improving the quality!

Balloon mitral valvotomy is done to treat mitral valve stenosis, a condition where the mitral valve becomes narrowed and restricts blood flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle. This therapy helps delay or prevent open heart surgery, increase blood flow, and lessen symptoms like weariness and shortness of breath.

You should see a doctor if you experience shortness of breath, chest discomfort, fatigue, irregular heartbeat, or swelling in your legs, especially if these symptoms worsen with activity. Since mitral stenosis can cause major difficulties if left untreated, early diagnosis is essential if you have a history of rheumatic fever or have been diagnosed with mitral valve problems.

Preparation involves discontinuing some drugs as directed and performing diagnostic testing to evaluate heart valve function. Patients must also fast before the procedure and arrange for post-procedure support.

Balloon mitral valvotomy is done by inserting a catheter with a balloon through a vein in the groin and guiding it to the heart.The surgeon removes the damaged lung through a chest incision and connects the donor lung to your airway and blood vessels. A heart-lung bypass machine may be used to maintain circulation during the procedure.

Double-lung transplants usually take 6 to 12 hours, while single-lung transplants take 4 to 8 hours.

Donor lung rejection
Infections
Bleeding, blood clots, or surgical complications
Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)

Patients with severe lung illness can breathe easier, experience fewer symptoms, and live better thanks to lung transplants. It can also extend survival when other treatments no longer work.

Following a lung transplant, post-operative rehabilitation entails staying in the hospital for a few weeks to evaluate lung function, infection, and rejection. Lung function tests and biopsies must be performed on a regular basis, and patients must take immunosuppressive drugs for the rest of their lives.

The success rate of balloon mitral valvotomy (BMV) is typically around 90%.