Thoracic Interbody Fusion is a surgical procedure used to treat spine-related issues in the mid-back area. It is mainly done to reduce nerve or spinal cord pressure and improve spinal stability. The surgeon removes the damaged or degenerated disc between two vertebrae and inserts a bone graft or implant in its place.
This helps the bones gradually join together, forming a solid and stable spinal segment. The surgery not only relieves pain but also improves spine alignment and overall function.
The surgical route can be chosen based on the patient’s condition, with access taken from the front, back, or side of the spine. It is generally recommended when other non-surgical treatments have not been effective, especially for conditions such as disc herniation, spinal instability, fractures, or deformities in the thoracic spine.
- Persistent mid-back pain that doesn’t improve with medication or therapy
- Neurological symptoms such as numbness, weakness, or difficulty walking
- Signs of spinal instability or deformity (visible curve, posture changes)
- Progressive spinal cord compression is seen on imaging
- Pain or disability significantly affecting daily activities or quality of life
- Detailed medical and neurological exam
- Imaging studies: MRI, CT scan, and X-rays to assess the spine
- Blood work and anaesthesia clearance
- Review of current medications, including blood thinners and supplements
- Smoking cessation, as it affects bone healing
- Fasting for 8 hours before surgery (if under general anaesthesia)
- A preoperative discussion about the risks, benefits, and recovery expectations
- Removal of the damaged disc (discectomy)
- Preparation of the intervertebral space
- Insertion of a bone graft or cage to maintain disc height and promote fusion
- Stabilisation with screws, rods, or plates if needed
- Closure of the incision and placement of drains (if necessary)
- Infection
- Blood loss
- Nerve injury or spinal cord damage
- Non-union (failure of bone to fuse)
- Hardware complications (loosening or breakage)
- Pulmonary complications (especially with the anterior approach)
- Chronic pain or adjacent segment disease
- Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism
- Stabilises and strengthens the spine
- Reduces or eliminates chronic pain
- Prevents progression of deformity or instability
- Protects the spinal cord and nerve roots from further damage
- Improves posture, mobility, and function
- It can significantly enhance the quality of life when other treatments fail
- Hospital stay: 2–5 days
- Use of a brace may be recommended for several weeks
- Pain management with medications and gradual weaning
- Light activities resume in 2–4 weeks
- Physical therapy typically begins within 4–6 weeks
- Complete fusion and recovery may take 6–12 months
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Guven Hospital
Ankara, Turkey
Started as a small hospital and has become a large general Hospital with-
- 254 beds
- 12 Operating rooms
- Staff of 1600 people including expert physicians, nurses, and auxiliary health personnel
- Guven Medical Surgical Centre
- IVF Centre
- Blood Bank
- Organ Transplant Centre
- Fully-equipped centres to perform various types of Surgeries
- Guven Healthy Living Campus for patients
netcare Linksfield Hospital
Johannesburg, South Africa
Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Netcare Linksfield Hospital located in Johannesburg, South Africa has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals, Interpreter. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Orthopedic Unit with biokinetic center (14 orthopedic surgeons)
- Cardiology Unit with interventional catheterisation laboratory and dedicated cardiac theatre (specialist cardiologists and cardiothoracic surgeons)
- Head and Neck Unit for Holistic Treatment (comprised of ENT and maxillo-facial specialists, radiologists, oncologist and a dietician)
- Clinical Decision
- Intensive Care Unit
- Discharge lounge
- Support Care Ward
- Cardiac and Laminar theatres
- Renal Dialysis Unit
- Cardiac Catheterisation Laboratory
- Sports Orthopedic Center
- Cochlear implant center
- Sports Orthopaedic Center
- Sleep Laboratory
- 24-hour Emergency Department with accredited level 3 Trauma unit
- In-house Pharmacy
Piyavate Hospital
Bangkok, Thailand
Piyavate Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
Medicine Centre: Piyavate Hospital provides advanced holistic treatment for their patients. They offer a complete range of services and physicians that specialize in various fields like the endocrine system, the nervous system, kidney function, cardiovascular care, respiratory and digestive system. They pride themselves for the familial care that they provide to their patients.
Fertility and In-Vitro Fertilization Centre: Helping the couples who walk into the Piyavate Hospital to achieve their dream of having a family. They have a medical team that specializes in male and female fertility. They offer consultation services, fertility check-up for both men and women and complete IVF services. They have advanced IVF cycle treatment facilities that offer a high rate of success.
Bone and Joint Institute: Piyavate Hospital houses one of the frontrunners in Orthopaedic health care in all of SouthEast Asia. They offer a wide range of services and surgeries in their bone and joint institute that include hand surgery, hip and knee replacement surgery, spinal cord surgery, upper extremity surgery, arthroscopic surgery and sports medicine.
Eye and Lasik Centre: Piyavate Hospital is fully equipped with the latest and most advanced technology for eye care and houses highly skilled ophthalmologists, sub-specialists and qualified nurses.
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Centre: One of the first hospitals to be equipped with the Hybrid Assistive Limb technology that will help a neurologically challenged patient to control the rehabilitation robot limb with a signal from their brain. The Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Centre at Piyavate Hospital uses this system encourage patients to regain muscle memory to walk and function normally.
Amenities for Patient’s Family:
Piyavate Hospital also offers additional apartment facilities to house the kin of the patients who come to visit them from distant places. A restaurant, a flower shop and a café are a few of the other amenities provided by the hospital.
These are the most popular services offered by the Piyavate Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. They also provide a plethora of other medical services that are listed below:
Diabetic Foot Centre
Check-up centre
Urology Centre
Heart Institute
Paediatric Centre
Obstetrics and Gynaecology Centre
Surgery Centre
Ear Nose Throat Centre
Haemodialysis Centre
Dental Centre
X-Ray Centre
Gastroenterology Centre
Cancer Centre
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Emergency Services and Centre
Tele-medicine
Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre
Chennai, India
The mega-structure of RIMC serves as a hospital as well as an educational institute. Hence, it offers a huge array of medical services and facilities to cater to the needs of its patients.
Fertility Services - RIMC specializes in both male and female fertility and in procedures like IntraCytoplasmic Sperm Injection (ICSI), Uterine Transplants, Preimplantation genetics and Laser Assisted Hatching (LAH).
Anaesthesia and ICU - The ICU rooms in RIMC are equipped to serve the individual needs of every patient. They boast the largest liver transplant ICU in India and a specific ICU dedicated to pediatrics multi-organ transplants.
Radiology and Imaging Sciences - RIMC has the infrastructure to support high-quality scans including 128 Slice CT, Cardiac MRI, and 3 Tesla MRIs.
Blood Bank and Transfusion Medicine - RIMC has an active blood bank system with facilities dedicated to Blood Component Separation and Therapy. They use high-end technology like the Automated 1H500 Analyser and have a separate Therapeutic Apheresis Unit.
Advanced Endoscopy - Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre has one of the most advanced hospital facilities with an individual healthcare unit specifically dedicated to Endoscopy. Advanced procedures like Spyglass Cholangioscopy, Laser therapy, Endoscopic Ultrasound, Capsule Endoscopy, and special ERCP and EUS Suite.
Some of the other healthcare facilities, departments, and services offered by Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Healthcare are listed below:
- Orthopaedics
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology
- Reproductive Medicine
- Hepatology
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine and Diabetology
- Advanced Paediatrics
- Ear Nose and Throat
- Emergency Medicine
- Interventional Radiology and Imaging Services
- Neonatology
- Neurology
- Liver Disease and Transplantation
- Gastroenterology
- Medical Oncology
- Nephrology
- Neonatology
- Pathology
- Ophthalmology
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
- Radiation Oncology
- Pulmonary Medicine
- Urology
- Surgical Oncology
- Transfusion Medicine
Apart from these facilities, Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre also have a preventive health check lounge, 72 consultation suites, and 360 degrees including lab facilities specifically for outpatients.
Visit Dr. Rela Institute and Medical Centre in Chromepet, Chennai today and find the best care for you and your loved ones.
Srikara Hospital, RTC Cross Roads
Hyderabad, India
Srikara Group of Hospitals is an 850-Bedded Tertiary Care healthcare facility, spread over 7 branches and two states in Southern India. 6 out of these 7 branches are situated in the twin city of Hyderabad- Secunderabad and 1 branch is at Vijayawada, Andhra Pradesh. As the ultimate combination of benefits a hospital can provide, Srikara Ortho & Multi-Specialty Hospitals represents the infusion of quality, knowledge, technical proficiency, international standards, compassion, and reasonably priced care. Srikara Hospital is known for its excellence in Orthopedic as well as Neuro-Spine Surgeries. With top-of-the-chart technical proficiency, quality, and skills; Srikara is the destination of choice for patients from not only India but across the globe. Srikara Hospitals are the pioneers in doing Robotics-assisted Joint Replacements in Southern India. These hospitals have been using technologies like Computer Navigation and I-Suite theaters since their inception. Three of its 7 branches offer minimally Invasive Spine surgeries done with the use of top quality Operating microscopes. For patients from other countries seeking treatment at its facilities, Srikara has established a separate unit. By partnering with hospitals and institutions that share its commitment to and passion for ‘Patient Care’, it now hopes to expand its surgical expertise throughout the country and the world.
International quality care at affordable prices is what the Srikara Group of Hospitals strives for. The quality & compassion in care can be bought in only by the human skills behind world-class technology. Rich in human skills & experience, the team of doctors at Srikara Hospitals is decorated with a collective experience of more than 23000 Knee Replacement Surgeries over a period of two decades. 5000+ of these Knee Replacements were Robotic-assisted Knee Replacement surgeries. The team of surgeons and the Sports Medicine Unit at SRIKARA Group of Hospitals hold experience in doing more than 5500 Knee Ligament surgeries. The team of Neuro-spine surgeons holds a collective experience of 11+ years and offers various surgical remedies with and without the assistance of an Operating Microscope. Srikara Group of Hospitals offers a wide array of specialties like Orthopaedics, Neuro-spine, Urology, Laparoscopy, Cardiology, Cosmetic Surgery, etc. with the help of nationally and internationally acclaimed doctors.
To expand their healthcare services globally and for the ease of their patients, the doctors at Srikara Group of Hospitals are also providing Online Consultations to individuals who are unable to visit in person but are in need of medical attention. Srikara Group of Hospitals looks forward to continuing to cater to its domestic as well as overseas patients with compassion and evidence-based healthcare services. All the hospitals of Srikara Group are built in accordance to provide relaxing, serene surroundings, greenery, and a hygienic setting to the patients & visitors. With a large influx of people seeking the best care and facilities in Hyderabad, it is well renowned for its dedication to providing unique and evidence-based healthcare services.
Vinmec Times City
Ha noi, Vietnam
- Vinmec Times City International Hospital is the first hospital to be launched within the Vinmec Healthcare System.
- It is located in the Times City urban complex in Hanoi, offering a central and convenient location for patients.
- The hospital spans 24,670 square meters with a modern infrastructure of seven floors above ground and two basement levels.
- It is the first general hospital in Vietnam to receive JCI accreditation, a globally recognised certification for healthcare quality and safety.
- The medical team comprises highly qualified Vietnamese and international doctors with extensive clinical expertise.
- Vinmec Times City provides comprehensive healthcare services, including outpatient care, inpatient treatment, and emergency services.
- The hospital features specialised departments, including Internal Medicine, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Orthopaedics, and Neurology.
- It is equipped to perform advanced medical procedures, including robotic-assisted surgery and organ transplants.
- The facility features a world-class IVF centre and offers dedicated services in endocrinology, dermatology, and traditional medicine.
- On-site imaging, radiology, and laboratory departments ensure fast and accurate diagnostic support.
- With a strong focus on patient-centred care, the hospital offers a safe, comfortable, and internationally standardised medical experience.
Vinmec Phu Quoc Hospital
Phu Quoc, Vietnam
- Phu Quoc Island lacked access to modern, high-quality healthcare infrastructure suitable for both its residents and the growing number of tourists.
- The local healthcare system faced challenges in meeting international standards for emergency, diagnostic, and speciality care.
- There was a strong demand for a facility that could offer comprehensive and reliable medical services across a wide range of specialities.
- Vinmec Phu Quoc General Hospital was launched in June 2015 as part of the Vinmec Healthcare System to close this healthcare gap.
- Spanning over 10,000 square meters, the hospital comprises six stories and features nearly 150 patient beds to cater to a diverse range of medical needs.
- Operates in line with internationally recognised standards, such as those outlined by the Joint Commission International (JCI), to ensure patient safety and service excellence.
- Outfitted with advanced diagnostic and treatment technologies, including MRI, CT scanners, digital X-rays, and more to support high-precision care.
- Maintains 24/7 emergency response capabilities to address critical cases at any time.
- Engages highly qualified healthcare providers, including doctors and specialists who have trained and worked at prestigious hospitals both within Vietnam and internationally.
- The hospital’s design emphasises eco-friendliness and natural lighting, fostering a therapeutic environment for patients.
- To offer premium healthcare services on Phu Quoc Island, aligned with international benchmarks and suitable for both domestic and global patients.
- To contribute to Vinmec’s vision of becoming a leader in academic medicine through research, education, and clinical excellence.
- To ensure that every patient receives compassionate, ethical, and highly skilled care tailored to their unique health needs.
- To position Vinmec Phu Quoc as a trusted medical destination that combines advanced technology, modern infrastructure, and exceptional patient service.
Apollo Hospitals Bannerghatta
Bangalore, India
Apollo Hospitals Bannerghatta located in Bengaluru, India is accredited by JCI, NABH. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Bed Capacity is 250
- Largest and most sophisticated sleep laboratory in the world
- Technological powerhouse with latest equipments
- 120 slice CT angiogram
- 3 Tesla MRI
- Low energy & High energy Linear Accelerators
- Navigation System in surgical procedures
- 4-D Ultrasound for 4 dimensional sonography
- Digital Fluoroscopy
- Gamma Camera
- Stereotactic Robotic Radio- surgery
- Autologous Bone Marrow Transplantation
- Robotic assisted surgeries
- Thallium Laser-First in India
- Holmium Laser-First in South India
- Digital X-Ray-First in Karnataka
- 100 plus consultants
- Uses Y shaped stent for tracheoesophageal fistula
- Four autologous chondrocyte implantations procedure is performed and several more like Spinal angiolipoma excision, Tibial tuberosity shift with MPSL reconstruction
- Biggest series of airway stents in India
- The Minimal Access Surgery Centre (MASC) centre of excellence
HCG Kalinga Rao Road
Bangalore, India
HCG Kalinga Rao Road located in Bengaluru, India is accredited by NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Diagnostic facility equipped with state-of-the-art imaging technologies, such as 3T MRI, SPECT, PET-CT
- Specialty laboratories provide state-of-the-art diagnostic facilities with expertise in oncology testing
- The services provided under medical oncology include Haemato oncology, Pediatric oncology, Breast health, Preventive oncology, Daycare chemotherapy
- Radiation oncology department adopts advanced technologies like CyberKnife Robotic Radiosurgery, TomoTherapy-H, Da Vinci, which allows cancer to be targeted with high accuracy
- First Cancer Centre in India to introduce PET-CT technologies and Cyclotron
- Consists of several beds and OTs with the latest equipment that meet high standards of sterility, and also comply with all international standards on operation theatre designs
- Access to the latest technology like Linear Accelerator which allows the tumor to be treated with pinpoint accuracy
- Equipped with Agility-Synergy linear accelerator, which allows accurate, image-guided radiotherapy to be provided safely and in a short time.
- Have a unique facility that has BMT suites and a unique hemato-pathology lab. Conditions like Multiple Myeloma, Immune Deficiency Disorders, Leukaemia, Lymphomas, Aplastic Anaemia, Childhood Leukaemia, and certain Pediatric Cancers can be treated with Bone Marrow Transplants at the unit.
- Ortho-Oncology clinic to be the first-of-its-kind in Bangalore, offering dedicated care for Musculoskeletal tumors
- Round-the-clock extensive patient service helping diagnose cancer
- Automated Breast Volume Scanner is the latest technology used for breast cancer detection
- RTISTE linear accelerator used for various treatment approaches, including 3D conformal radiation therapy, Stereotactic
- Radiosurgery (SRS), Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy (IMRT), and Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy
Sarvodaya Hospital and Research Centre
Faridabad, India
Sarvodaya Hospital and Research Centre located in Faridabad, India is accredited by NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Sarvodaya Hospital has a 500 bed capacity which is inclusive of 65 ICU beds.
- A dedicated dialysis unit for people with kidney conditions.
- The hospital has a cancer center which makes cancer treatment a seamless process.
- There is an upcoming oncology center in Sarvodaya Hospital Faridabad.
- Technologies such as 128 Slice CT scan, 500 MA X-Ray, 1.5 Tesla MRI and Mammography facility.
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+99Process Involved for Thoracic Interbody Fusion
- Initial Consultation: A spine specialist evaluates symptoms, medical history, and imaging reports to confirm the need for surgery.
- Diagnostic Testing: MRI, CT scans, and X-rays are performed to locate disc damage and assess spinal alignment.
- Preoperative Preparation: Includes blood tests, anaesthesia evaluation, and patient education about the procedure and recovery.
- Surgical Procedure: The damaged disc is removed, and a bone graft or implant is inserted to promote fusion between vertebrae.
- Hospital Recovery: The patient stays in the hospital for monitoring, pain control, and early mobilisation (typically 3–5 days).
- Rehabilitation Phase: Physical therapy begins to strengthen the back, improve mobility, and support long-term healing.
- Follow-up Appointments: Routine check-ups and imaging tests ensure that the bones are fusing correctly and there are no complications.
- Disc Degeneration: Gradual wearing of the spinal discs in the mid-back, which can cause discomfort and limit normal movement.
- Herniated Disc: A bulging or ruptured disc in the mid-back that puts pressure on nearby nerves or the spinal cord.
- Spine Instability: Unusual or excessive movement between thoracic vertebrae that can cause discomfort or nerve-related symptoms.
- Spinal Fractures: Breaks or cracks in the thoracic vertebrae, often due to trauma or bone-weakening conditions like osteoporosis.
- Scoliosis: A sideways curve of the spine that may require fusion to improve posture and reduce discomfort.
- Kyphosis: An abnormal forward bend in the upper spine that may lead to pain or breathing difficulties if not corrected.
- Spinal Tumours: Growths or masses within or near the thoracic spine that need surgical removal, followed by stabilisation.
- Failed Previous Surgery: Used when earlier spinal surgeries haven’t achieved the desired results or led to complications.
Process Involved in Thoracic Interbody Fusion
- Preoperative Evaluation: Detailed physical exams and imaging tests (MRI, CT, X-ray) are conducted to confirm the affected thoracic segment and plan the surgical approach.
- Anaesthesia: General anaesthesia is given to ensure the patient is asleep and pain-free during the procedure.
- Surgical Incision: A cut is made depending on the approach (anterior, posterior, or lateral) to access the thoracic spine safely.
- Disc Removal: The damaged or diseased intervertebral disc is carefully extracted to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves.
- Bone Graft/Implant Placement: A bone graft or artificial spacer is placed in the disc space to help maintain alignment and support bone fusion.
- Stabilization Hardware: Metal screws, rods, or plates are inserted to hold the spine in proper alignment while the bones heal and fuse.
- Closure: The incision is closed using sutures or staples, and a sterile dressing is applied to protect the area.
- Postoperative Monitoring: The patient is monitored in recovery for pain control, nerve function, and early signs of healing. Follow-up imaging may be scheduled.
- Laminectomy
- Discectomy
- Corpectomy
- Osteotomy
- Foraminotomy
- Instrumentation
- Fusion
- Decompression
- Kyphoplasty
- Biopsy
- Pain relief – Helps reduce or eliminate chronic mid-back pain caused by disc or nerve problems.
- Stability – Restores strength and support to the spine, especially in cases of instability or fractures.
- Improved posture – Helps correct spinal deformities, such as scoliosis or kyphosis, leading to better alignment.Better mobility – Eases movement and daily activity by removing pressure from compressed nerves.
- Nerveprotection – Prevents further nerve damage by relieving spinal cord or nerve root compression.
- Long-term results – Promotes bone fusion, reducing the risk of future spine issues in the treated area.
- Functionality – Enables patients to return to work or their daily routines after a successful recovery.
- Custom approach – Can be tailored to the patient’s condition using different surgical methods (anterior, posterior, or lateral).
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