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Cost of Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) Worldwide

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Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) is performed to relieve severe, chronic chest pain (angina) in patients who are not candidates for conventional procedures like angioplasty or coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG). It improves blood flow directly to the heart muscle by creating small channels in the myocardium (heart wall), allowing oxygen-rich blood from the left ventricle to nourish ischemic areas. TMR is especially useful in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease or those with previously failed revascularization attempts.

You should consult a cardiologist if you're experiencing persistent chest pain despite optimal medical therapy, especially if previous stent placement or bypass surgery hasn’t worked or isn’t an option. TMR is typically considered for patients with refractory angina who are at high surgical risk or have complex blockages not amenable to traditional methods.

Preparation for TMR includes a complete cardiac evaluation — such as ECG, echocardiography, coronary angiography, and stress tests — to assess heart function and identify suitable candidates. Patients are advised to fast for several hours before the surgery or procedure and to temporarily stop certain medications as instructed. A detailed consultation will cover the procedure, potential risks, and recovery expectations.

Usually, a powerful CO₂ or Holmium:YAG laser is used for TMR as a minimally invasive treatment or during open heart surgery:
  • Hybrid or standalone surgical TMR: After making a tiny incision in the chest, 20–40 tiny channels are formed in the left ventricle wall using a laser. These channels permit blood to enter oxygen-depleted cardiac tissue straight from the ventricle.
  • A hybrid strategy: In some situations, if only some coronary arteries can be bypassed and others need TMR, TMR and CABG are combined.

The procedure generally takes one to two hours. Hospitalisation typically lasts 3 to 5 days after standalone TMR, while hybrid TMR with bypass surgery may require a longer stay depending on patient condition and surgical complexity.

  • Irregular heart rhythms (arrhythmias)
  • Bleeding
  • Infection
  • Pericardial effusion (fluid around the heart)
  • Stroke or heart attack (rare)
  • Reaction to anesthesia

  • Significant reduction in angina symptoms
  • Improved quality of life and exercise tolerance
  • Decreased dependence on anti-anginal medications
  • Beneficial for patients with no other surgical options
  • May promote long-term blood vessel formation (angiogenesis)

Recovery time varies by the type of procedure. After TMR, patients are typically monitored in the ICU for 24–48 hours. Discomfort at the incision site is normal. Physical activity is gradually resumed over weeks. Regular follow-up is essential to monitor heart function and adjust medications.

TMR has an 80–90% success rate in easing the symptoms of angina. Many patients report significant pain reduction and increased everyday functioning, even if it might not be able to treat coronary artery disease. The greatest long-term advantages occur when lifestyle changes and the best medical care are combined.

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Explore Hospitals ( 67 )
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in BGS Gleneagles Global Hospitals: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Bangalore, India

  • National Accreditation Board for Hospitals & Healthcare Providers (NABH)
  • National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL)

Gleneagles BGS Hospital, Kengeri, is a leading healthcare centre in Bengaluru, committed to delivering compassionate, patient-focused care locally and globally. The hospital houses 15 specialised departments with over 30 medical and surgical specialities, supported by 450 beds, advanced emergency services, imaging, laboratory, and transfusion facilities.

It is renowned for pioneering initiatives such as South India’s first 5G-enabled ambulance and Karnataka’s largest Multi-Organ Transplant Program. Recognised among India’s top paediatric cranio-maxillofacial centres, it is also the first in Karnataka to receive the AHPI Award 2024 for “Excellence in Nursing Practices” consecutively.

Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Memorial Atasehir Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Memorial Atasehir Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • Covers an area of 22,000 sqm in the Anatolian side of Istanbul
  • The Hospital has comfortable patient rooms, designed while considering all the required needs of the patients
  • Capacity of 144 beds
  • Intensive Care Unit
  • Emergency Department
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Medicana Bahcelievler Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

0.5 ( 1 Reviews )
  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Medicana Bahcelievler Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by ISO, JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • Capacity of 89 beds
  • 6 Operating Rooms
  • 2 Delivery Rooms
  • Coronary Intensive Care Unit
  • General Intensive Care Unit
  • Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
  • Dialysis Unit with 30 beds
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • This hospital has as many as 102 beds with intensive care beds (27), operating theatres (7).
  • There is also one heliport in the hospital that is used for the purpose of emergency transfer within the hospital.
  • The operating theatres as well as inpatient facilities have been upgraded vis. a vis. technology and infrastructure in the year 2008 and 2009 and both outpatient as well as inpatient were upgraded as recently as in the year 2017.
  • A very well developed Neonatal Intensive care unit.
  • Some popular specialties and departments of Acibadem Bakirkoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey are Cardiology, Dermatology, Endocrinology, Family medicine, Gastroenterology, Nephrology, Neurology and Oncology.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Acibadem Maslak Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Acibadem Maslak Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • Beds are 210 in number including 27 intensive care beds with 15 sterile operation rooms, and 9 advanced-level rooms
  • Smart building technology of the hospital
  • Number of doctors in this hospital are 170.
  • Thyroid Clinic, Stroke Center, Obesity Clinic, Reproductive Health Center, and a fully equipped radiotherapy center are all the additional facilities present in the Acibadem Maslak Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • There is also a seamlessly operating International Patient Center which enables functions like registrations, orientations, admissions, presenting medical information to International patients, appointments, visa, travel, transfer and accomodation arrangements.
  • Translation and interpreter services are available as is multilingual staff.
  • The hospital has moved with the times and all its systems are electronically upgraded.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Acibadem Fulya Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Istanbul, Turkey

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

Acibadem Fulya Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • The hospital has cutting edge infrastructure and all latest amenities.
  • Equipment like Whole body MR scanner, 4D Ultrasound system for Breast Cancer screening, 3D Imaging and Navigation System for Prostate Biopsy, Posturography (Balance) Device, and EBUS.
  • Everything that makes healthcare delivery a 360* process is present in Acibadem Fulya Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey like diagnostic services, insurance, language interpretation services, travel and lodging arrangements.
  • Clinic Laboratory, Dialysis, Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Laboratory, Pulmonary Function Laboratory, Radiology and Sleep Laboratory are also present.
  • Intensive Care Units (ICU) are also available in the Acibadem Fulya Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
  • There are many popular specialties and departments present in Acibadem Fulya Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey, which is a multidisciplinary healthcare organisation. Some are Cardiology, Neurology, Cardiology, Cardiovascular Surgery, Dermatology, Ear, Nose and Throat (Otolaryngology) etc.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Jimenez Diaz Foundation University Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Madrid, Spain

  • ISO 9001
  • Joint Commission International, or JCI

With about 80,000 m 2 , it is equipped with the highest sanitary technology and offers a wide portfolio of services-

  • Day hospital
  • 11 central operating rooms
  • 3 operating rooms for CMA
  • 6 Delivery rooms
  • 686 beds
  • Ambulatory major surgery
  • Emergencies
  • Pediatric emergency
  • ICU
  • Neonatal ICU
  • External Consultations
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Quironsalud Marbella Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Marbella, Spain

  • ISO 9001

Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Quironsalud Marbella Hospital located in Marbella, Spain has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals, Interpreter, SIM, TV inside room. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • The hospital is present in an area of 10.500 square meters.
  • A 24- hour emergency service for all kinds of emergency scenarios, even pediatric.
  • There is a specialised radiology department as well as a hemodialysis unit.
  • The hospital also consists of an Intensive Care Unit with a laboratory.
  • Also present are a functional test area with physiotherapy services in addition to functional recovery.
  • Wide network of Insurance partners both national and international.
  • A professionally managed international patient care center.
  • There are more than 25 medical specialties
  • The number of rooms are: 65 plus private rooms, over 14 consultation rooms.
  • There are also more than 5 operation theatres with 2 endoscopy rooms
  • Ultrasound, MRI, CAT scan are also present as per needs and requirements.
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Guven Hospital: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Ankara, Turkey

Started as a small hospital and has become a large general Hospital with-

  • 254 beds
  • 12 Operating rooms
  • Staff of 1600 people including expert physicians, nurses, and auxiliary health personnel
  • Guven Medical Surgical Centre
  • IVF Centre
  • Blood Bank
  • Organ Transplant Centre
  • Fully-equipped centres to perform various types of Surgeries
  • Guven Healthy Living Campus for patients
Transmyocardial Revascularization (TMR) in Vinmec Times City: Costs, Top Doctors, and Reviews

Ha noi, Vietnam

  • Joint Commission International, or JCI
  • Vinmec Times City International Hospital is the first hospital to be launched within the Vinmec Healthcare System.
  • It is located in the Times City urban complex in Hanoi, offering a central and convenient location for patients.
  • The hospital spans 24,670 square meters with a modern infrastructure of seven floors above ground and two basement levels.
  • It is the first general hospital in Vietnam to receive JCI accreditation, a globally recognised certification for healthcare quality and safety.
  • The medical team comprises highly qualified Vietnamese and international doctors with extensive clinical expertise.
  • Vinmec Times City provides comprehensive healthcare services, including outpatient care, inpatient treatment, and emergency services.
  • The hospital features specialised departments, including Internal Medicine, Paediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Orthopaedics, and Neurology.
  • It is equipped to perform advanced medical procedures, including robotic-assisted surgery and organ transplants.
  • The facility features a world-class IVF centre and offers dedicated services in endocrinology, dermatology, and traditional medicine.
  • On-site imaging, radiology, and laboratory departments ensure fast and accurate diagnostic support.
  • With a strong focus on patient-centred care, the hospital offers a safe, comfortable, and internationally standardised medical experience.

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Dr. Abdullah Rahil
Dr. Abdullah Rahil

MPT (Neuro)

7 Years of Experience

Dr. Abdullah Rahil, M.P.T. (Neurology), is a dedicated physiotherapy professional specializing in orthopedic, neurological, and musculoskeletal rehabilitation. With strong clinical expertise, he focuses on improving patient mobility, reducing pain, and restoring functional independence through evidence-based rehabilitation techniques. He is skilled in advanced therapeutic approaches that support effective rehabilitation and recovery for a wide range of musculoskeletal and neurological conditions, focusing on improving mobility, reducing pain, and restoring functional independence. Dr. Rahil has extensive experience managing diverse rehabilitation cases. His patient-centered approach emphasizes personalized treatment plans, continuous assessment, and comprehensive rehabilitation to achieve optimal recovery outcomes.. View More

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Dr. Naresh Kumar Goyal
Dr. Naresh Kumar Goyal

Cardiologist

21 Years of Experience

Dr. Naresh Kumar Goyal is highly trained as a cardiologist with exposure in virtually all aspects of cardiology. He qualified with an MD in internal medicine in 1999 from SMS Medical College, Jaipur, and served in the Cardiology Department as an honorary resident. From this stage, he also started with training in the temporary pacing of the pacemaker as well as interventional services. View More

Last Reviewed - January 2026