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Types of Fertility Specialists

Fertility specialists can be categorized into three types based on their specialization and the procedures they carry out. These are:

• Gynecologist
• Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeon
• Reproductive Endocrinologist

About Gynecologist

A gynecologist is a fertility doctor who specializes in women's health and the female reproductive system. They handle a wide range of issues, such as pregnancy and childbirth, obstetrics, menstruation and fertility problems, sexually transmitted diseases, hormone disorders, etc.

Procedures Performed by Gynecologist in Turkey

• Diagnostic Procedures
• Pap smear tests
• Ultrasound scanning
• Colposcopy (A microscopic examination of the cervix)
• Endometrial biopsy
• Hysteroscopy
• Surgical Procedures
• Laparoscopy
• Minor surgery eg. sterilization
• Major surgery eg. removing fibroids in the uterus
• Postoperative care

Who Are Gynecologist Surgeons?

A gynaecologist may not perform surgery. The doctors who are involved in surgical treatments for various issues related to the female reproductive system are called gynecologist surgeons.

When should you visit a Gynecologist Surgeon?

Your physician might recommend you to visit a Gynecologist Surgeon for the following reason:

• Issues relating to pregnancy, fertility, menstruation and menopause
• Family planning, including contraception, sterilization, and pregnancy termination
• Problems with tissues that support the pelvic organs (including ligaments and muscles)
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Urinary and fecal incontinence
• Benign conditions of the reproductive tract, such as ovarian cysts, fibroids, breast disorders, Vulvar and vaginal ulcers or any other non-cancerous changes
• Premalignant conditions, such as endometrial hyperplasia, cervical dysplasia
• Cancers of the reproductive tract and the breasts, and pregnancy-related tumors
• Congenital abnormalities of the female reproductive tract
• Emergency care relating to gynecology
• Endometriosis
• Pelvic inflammatory diseases
• Issues relating to sexuality (including health issues relating to same-sex and bisexual relationships)
• Sexual dysfunction

About Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeon

A Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeon is a doctor specialized in performing surgical procedures to view and treat a woman’s reproductive organs. Laparoscopy being a technique wherein a thin viewing tube embedded with telescopic camera is passed through a small incision (cut) in the abdomen, is used in various gynecology treatments. A gynecologist laparoscopic surgeon is mostly visited by women who are facing gyno medical issues like persistent pain in the pelvic area or inability to conceive and get pregnant.

When should you visit a Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeon?

• Unexplained pelvic pain
• Unexplained infertility
• A history of pelvic infection

What are the diseases a Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeon treats?

• Endometriosis
• Uterine fibroids
• Ovarian cysts or tumors
• Ectopic pregnancy
• Pelvic abscess or pus
• Pelvic adhesions or painful scar tissue
• Infertility
• Pelvic inflammatory disease
• Reproductive cancers

Procedures Performed by Gynecologist Laparoscopic Surgeons in Turkey

• Hysterectomy (Removal of the uterus)
• Removal of the ovaries
• Removal of ovarian cysts
• Removal of fibroids
• Blocking blood flow to fibroids
• Endometrial tissue ablation
• Adhesion removal
• Reversal of a contraceptive surgery
• Burch procedure for incontinence
• Vault suspension to treat a prolapsed uterus
• Gynecologic cancer staging
• Hysterectomy (removal of the uterus with or without the cervix)
• Myomectomy (removal of fibroids)
• Sterilization (tubal ligation)
• Tubal reanastomosis

About Reproductive Endocrinologist

Reproductive endocrinologists are doctors specialized in diagnosing and treating fertility related issues in both males and females. Reproductive Endocrinologists are trained in the subspecialty of Gynecology and Obstetrics including:

• Medical and surgical treatment of conditions of the female reproductive tract
• Care of pregnant women
• Delivery of babies

Many patients visited by a Reproductive Endocrinologist either face complications or experience fertility related problems.

When should you consider visiting a Reproductive Endocrinologist?

There are various reasons why your doctors might refer you to visit a reproductive endocrinologist, some of which include:

• Difficulty conceiving for more than six months if you're aged 35 or above or for more than a year if you're younger
• Having had two or more miscarriages
• Risk factors or symptoms of infertility especially if you are trying to conceive
• Men or women interested in permanent birth control options like tubal ligation or vasectomy
• Men or women who have cancer or have high chances of cancer but want to preserve fertility
• A family history of any family member having breast or ovarian cancer or two or more family members with breast, ovary, pancreatic or prostate cancer
• Personal history of any sexually transmitted disease (STD) treated in the past
• Congenital uterine anomalies
• Acquired uterine abnormalities
• Other disorders of the female reproductive tract

Procedures Performed by Reproductive Endocrinologist in Turkey

• Testicular biopsy
• Testicular sperm aspiration (TESA)
• Percutaneous sperm aspiration (PESA)
• Vasectomy reversal
• Hysteroscopy
• Myomectomy
• Selective Tubal Cannulation
• Robotic Surgery with the da Vinci® Surgical System
• Reproductive surgery
• Endometriosis
• Laparoscopy
• Mini-laparotomy
• Laparotomy
• Hysteroscopy
• Pelvic Adhesions
• Tubal Fertility Surgery
• Irregular menstrual cycles
• Unwanted hair growth on face trunk or limbs
• Acne flare-ups especially prior to a menstrual period
• Prior surgery on the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovary
• Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP)