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Orchidectomy is done to treat conditions such as testicular cancer, severe testicular infection or injury, testicular torsion with irreversible damage, hormone-sensitive prostate cancer, or other disorders where removal of one or both testicles is necessary to relieve symptoms, control disease progression, or save the patient’s life.
You should see a doctor if you notice a testicular lump, persistent pain or swelling, signs of infection, or have been diagnosed with conditions such as testicular cancer or advanced prostate cancer requiring surgical treatment.
Preparation for orchiectomy includes a medical evaluation, discussion of the procedure, medication review, and following fasting instructions before surgery. Patients should also arrange transportation and prepare for post-surgical recovery at home.
- Anaesthesia is given (general or regional)
- A small incision is made in the scrotum or groin
- The affected testicle is carefully detached and removed
- The incision is closed with sutures and dressed
- Patient is monitored in recovery and given post-surgery instructions
- Discharge is usually the same day or after a short hospital stay
Orchidectomy is a fast outpatient surgery carried out under general or regional anaesthesia that typically takes 30 to 60 minutes.
- Pain and Discomfort
- Swelling and Bruising
- Infection
- Bleeding
- Anesthesia Complications
- Nerve Damage
- Testicular Atrophy
Orchidectomy offers several important benefits, especially for patients with testicular cancer or hormone-related conditions. It is often a definitive treatment for testicular cancer, helping prevent cancer spread and significantly improving survival rates. The procedure also helps control hormone levels in hormone-dependent diseases, reducing symptoms caused by excess testosterone. For patients experiencing chronic testicular pain due to torsion, trauma, or infection, orchidectomy can provide lasting pain relief.
After an orchidectomy, patients may experience swelling, bruising, and mild pain, which is managed with medication. Light activities can usually be resumed within a week, while full recovery takes 4-6 weeks. Proper wound care, activity restrictions, and follow-up appointments are essential for safe healing.
In general, orchidectomy has a very good success rate, especially when testicular cancer is still in its early stages. Because the treatment successfully removes the main tumor and enables precise diagnosis and staging, 5-year survival rates for localised illness are frequently between 96 and 100%.
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+99Process Involved for Orchidectomy
Diagnosis & Pre-Surgical Evaluation
- Physical examination and medical history review
- Blood and urine tests
- Scrotal ultrasound or imaging if required
- Fitness assessment for anesthesia
Pre-Surgery Preparations
- Fasting before surgery
- Medication review, especially blood thinners
- Brief discussion of procedure and outcomes
Procedure
- Performed under general or spinal anaesthesia
- Surgical removal of one or both testicles
- Small incision with no complex reconstruction
Post-Surgical Recovery
- Short hospital stay or same-day discharge
- Pain management and scrotal support
- Return to routine activities within days
Long-Term Follow-Up
- Regular urology follow-ups
- Hormone level monitoring, if needed
- Ongoing care based on the underlying condition
- Testicular cancer
- Advanced prostate cancer (hormone-sensitive)
- Severe testicular trauma or injury
- Testicular torsion with irreversible damage
- Chronic testicular pain unresponsive to other treatments
- Testicular infection or abscess not responding to medical therapy
- Unilateral Orchiectomy: Removal of one testicle, commonly performed for localised testicular cancer or when only one testicle is affected by trauma or disease.
- Bilateral Orchiectomy: Removal of both testicles, usually indicated in advanced prostate cancer or when both testicles are involved in serious conditions.
- Subcapsular Orchiectomy: The testicular tissue is removed while preserving the outer capsule, helping reduce hormonal impact and maintain some testosterone production.
- Transscrotal Orchiectomy: The testicle is removed through a scrotal incision, often used for unilateral cases and associated with faster recovery.
- Inguinal Orchiectomy: The testicle is removed through an incision in the groin, commonly preferred for cancer cases due to better access to blood vessels and lymphatic control.
- Patients diagnosed with testicular cancer requiring removal of the affected testicle
- Individuals with hormone-dependent prostate cancer, where testosterone suppression is needed
- People with severe testicular damage due to trauma, torsion, or infection
- Patients experiencing chronic testicular pain not responding to conservative treatments
- Individuals with non-viable or high-risk undescended testis
- Testicular biopsy
- Inguinal exploration
- Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND)
- Chemotherapy
- Radiotherapy
- Testicular prosthesis implantation
- Hormone therapy
- Imaging and staging procedures (CT, MRI, ultrasound)
- Effectively removes cancerous tissue in testicular cancer and allows accurate diagnosis
- Helps lower hormone levels in hormone-sensitive cancers like prostate and breast cancer
- Slows disease progression and improves treatment outcomes
- Reduces cancer-related symptoms and complications
- Can be a definitive, one-time surgical treatment in selected cases
- Successful removal of the affected testicle or testicles
- Reduction or control of cancer progression
- Lower testosterone levels in hormone-dependent cancers
- Relief from pain, swelling, or discomfort
- Improved effectiveness of further cancer treatments
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