Total knee replacement, also known as Total knee arthroplasty. It is a surgical procedure in which a damaged or diseased knee joint is replaced with an artificial joint or prosthesis. This procedure is typically performed to alleviate pain and improve the function of the knee when conservative treatments have been unsuccessful.
Total knee replacement surgery is generally effective in relieving pain and improving the quality of life for individuals with severe knee joint problems.
A bilateral knee replacement surgery is performed when both knees are damaged or diseased. If only one knee is affected, then the surgeon recommends the patient undergo the replacement of just one knee, a procedure known as unilateral knee replacement surgery.
Following are some of the indications for bilateral knee replacement surgery
- Osteoarthritis
- Post-traumatic arthritis
- Rheumatoid arthritis
- Knee deformity
- Vascular necrosis
- Swelling
- Inflammation of the cartilage surrounding the knee
Knee replacement surgery, like any medical procedure, comes with certain risks. These potential risks include:
- Blood Clots: Surgeons often prescribe blood-thinning medications to reduce the risk of blood clots, which commonly form in the leg. However, these clots can pose a serious threat if they travel to the lungs.
- Nerve Damage: Placement of the implant may lead to nerve injury, resulting in sensations of numbness, weakness, or pain in the affected area.
- Infection: Infections can develop at the incision site or in deeper tissues.
- Implant Issues: While knee replacement implants are durable, there is a possibility of loosening or wear over time. If this occurs, additional surgery may be required to replace or adjust the affected components.
It's important for individuals considering knee replacement surgery to be aware of these potential risks and discuss them thoroughly with their healthcare team. Despite the risks, many people undergo knee replacement surgery successfully, experiencing significant improvements in pain relief and mobility.
Before bilateral knee replacement surgery, the surgeon may conduct a series of diagnostic tests to check for your overall fitness. The following tests are performed:
- Physical Examination
- ECG
- Blood tests
- Chest X-ray
These diagnostic tests help the healthcare team understand the patient's overall health, identify potential risks, and tailor the surgical approach to the individual's specific needs. The results guide the orthopedic surgeon in planning and performing a successful bilateral knee replacement surgery while minimizing potential complications.
You may also be advised to perform a few exercises to strengthen the muscles of your knee and legs. This helps ensure faster and easier recovery. You are advised to talk to your surgeon and a few of his patients to set expectations for the procedure. You should be aware of the approximate knee replacement recovery time and the amount of pain that you are likely to experience.
You will be told not to eat or drink anything at least six to 12 hours before the surgery. If needed, your surgeon will conduct an arthroscopic examination of your knee to see the extent of damage and devise a surgical approach that best suits your condition.
Bilateral knee replacement surgery is a major procedure and therefore, recovery may take time. You are likely to experience pain for the initial few weeks. However, it goes away gradually as you start performing physical exercises recommended by the doctor.
You should keep your wound dry and clean to prevent infection after the surgery. In addition, you should elevate your leg often for reduced pain. Talk to your surgeon if you experience redness, swelling, or inflammation around the knee.
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