Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a hormonal disorder that mostly occurs during a woman's reproductive years. High levels of androgens and irregular or protracted menstrual cycles are common in women with PCOS. The formation of several tiny fluid-filled sacs, or cysts, around the ovaries' periphery is a hallmark of PCOS. These cysts contain immature eggs, known as follicles, which fail to regularly release eggs.
The exact cause of PCOS remains unknown. However, early diagnosis and treatment, combined with weight loss, can help reduce the risk of long-term complications like type 2 diabetes and heart disease.
Types of PCOS:
Generally, there are 4 types of PCOS
- Insulin-resistant PCOS
- Pill induced PCOS
- Inflammatory PCOS
- Hidden PCOS
- Insulin-resistant PCOS: The most common type of PCOS is Insulin-resistant PCOS. Smoking, sugar, pollution, and trans fat are the causes of this type of PCOS. elevated insulin levels suppress ovulation and cause the ovaries to produce testosterone.
- Pill-induced PCOS: The second most prevalent PCOS is this one. due to the birth control pills which suppress ovulation leading to PCOS. Most women experience short-term effects from the pill, and their periods return once it wears off. However, even when the side effects of the medication wear off, some women do not start ovulating again for months or even years. Women are advised to see a doctor during that period.
- Inflammatory PCOS: In the case of PCOS that occurs due to inflammation, it inhibits ovulation, hormones become imbalanced and the production of androgens occurs. Inflammatory foods such as gluten, environmental pollutants, and stress all contribute to inflammation.
if you experience symptoms like headaches, infections, or skin allergies and your blood tests reveal that you have a vitamin D deficiency, an abnormal blood count, or elevated thyroid levels. These are symptoms of Inflammatory PCOS.
Who can get treatment for PCOS?
Not all women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) require treatment. However, treatment is recommended for the following groups:
- Women with irregular or absent periods
- Women experiencing severe symptoms such as cystic acne, hair loss, thinning hair, or significant weight gain
- Women who are trying to conceive but face difficulties due to irregular ovulation
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