
Gliomas are tumour growths of cells that arise in the spinal cord or brain. Glioma cells are similar to glial cells, which are healthy brain cells. Glial cells support and encompass nerve cells in their function.
A glioma becomes a tumour, which is a collection of cells. The tumour growth can compress the brain or spinal cord, causing symptoms. The location of the affected part of the brain or spinal cord determines the symptoms.
There are many kinds of gliomas. Some are not considered to be malignancies and develop slowly, while others are considered to be malignancies. Malignant is another term that means cancerous. Malignant gliomas can invade normal brain tissue and grow very quickly. Some gliomas are more prevalent in adulthood, while others only occur in children.
The type of glial cells from which gliomas develop determines their classification. The main glioma types are as follows:
Astrocytoma: This originates from astrocytes, which are star-shaped glial cells. They consist of low-grade tumours, which are less malignant, and high-grade tumours, which are more malignant.
Oligodendrogliomas: Oligodendrocytes, the cells that originate oligodendrogliomas, form the myelin sheath that envelops nerve fibres. These tumours tend to develop more slowly.
Ependymomas: The ependymal cells lining the ventricles of the brain and spinal cord lead to ependymomas. Adults and children can develop them.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is among the most vicious and lethal of brain tumours and is a highly malignant and aggressive type of astrocytoma.
Glioma should be treated as early as possible to enhance outcomes and quality of life. Early management can achieve minimal symptoms, reduced tumour growth, and potentially enhanced effectiveness of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Delaying treatment may make the disease more challenging to manage by increasing pressure in the brain, exacerbating neurological deficits, and enhancing tumour growth. Early treatment may improve the options for personalised treatment, which may strengthen long-term survival.
The location of a glioma determines its symptoms. The glioma's size, type, and growth rate may also affect the symptoms.
Causes
Studies have shown that gliomas and other spinal cord and brain cancers result from DNA alterations. DNA is found in our genes, which dictate how cells divide and grow. If the DNA of our genes mutates, cells can grow uncontrollably.
Your parents can pass down genetic mutations. They can also co-occur while you're alive.
Risk Factors
Current research in Turkey has significantly improved the treatment of gliomas, particularly glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). A trial of 137 GBM patients reported median progression-free and overall survival times of 8.57 and 12 months, respectively, emphasising the importance of improving treatments. Another Turkish study analysed the results of glioblastoma patients after a decade and emphasised the country's commitment to enhancing glioma treatment.
Brain Cancer Treatment: Depending on the type, size, and location of the tumour, glioma is usually treated with a combination of chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery.
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Surgery: The first step in treating gliomas is typically to remove the tumour. If the glioma is eliminated, surgery may be the only necessary treatment.
Chemotherapy: Chemotherapy medications are used to kill tumour cells. Chemotherapy drugs are usually given intravenously or orally. Chemotherapy may sometimes be given directly to the glioma cells.
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Radiation Therapy: Radiation destroys tumour cells with high-energy beams. The energy source can be protons, X-rays, or something else. After surgery, radiation therapy is often employed to treat gliomas. The radiation kills the leftover glioma cells after surgery. Radiation and chemotherapy are usually combined.
Targeted Therapy: Targeted therapy treatments focus on specific substances in cancer cells. Targeted therapy treatments can kill cancer cells by inhibiting these substances.
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Istanbul, Turkey
The first green hospital in Turkey, Istanbul Florence Nightingale Hospital, was inaugurated in 2013. Group The Florence Nightingale hospitals are the first Turkish hospitals to be granted Joint Commission International (JCI) accreditation, and they continue to be associated and work with esteemed healthcare organizations.
The Florence Nightingale Group treats 250,000 outpatients and 70,000 inpatients annually, demonstrating its excellence. The hospitals have a capacity of 804 inpatient beds, 141 ICU beds, and 40 operating rooms, and perform 20,000+ procedures annually, of which 1,000 are cardiac operations for children and 2,000 are for adults. For conducting difficult orthopedic, general surgery, minimally invasive, and other heart treatments, the facility stands out. All operating rooms can be interconnected by audio-visual to a 300-person conference room and global hubs, enabling interactive medical teaching and scientific activity.
Interpreter and translator services for languages such as Turkish, Azerbaijani, Bulgarian, Arabic, English, Persian, Serbian, Russian, Albanian, Macedonian, German, Bosnian, and Romanian are available.
The hospital has specialized departments such as Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, IVF and Infertility, Nephrology, Oncology and Oncosurgery, Spine Surgery, Neurology and Neurosurgery, Orthopedics, Gynecology, and Obesity or Bariatric Surgery. With an extensively qualified and experienced team of advisors and interpreters, Florence Nightingale Istanbul is committed to providing one-stop service from beginning to end, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

Istanbul, Turkey
Medipol Bahcelievler Hospital is a medical institution providing a full range of medical and individualized approaches to its patients. Medipol has the ambition to bring high quality and maximum security to people in need by employing state-of-the-art technologies in medicine. They ensure that the health of the patients is improved by fashioning unique physician specialty treatment programs.
Medipol Bahcelievler Hospital provides an exceptional position in the healthcare industry with a policy of clear communication, professionalism, and reliability to patient expectations. Medipol Bahçelievler Hospital is situated in the European Side of Istanbul, dedicated to 24-hour health care for you and your loved ones, equipped with a fully functional operation theatre and ICUs with state-of-the-art equipment, laboratory, emergency, and advanced treatment rooms

Istanbul, Turkey
Acibadem Altunizade Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
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Turkey is an ideal location to treat gliomas as it provides the latest immunotherapies under initiatives such as the TTCI and advanced surgical techniques such as awake craniotomy for precise tumour removal. Turkey provides glioma patients with effective and personalised treatment because of its highly trained physicians, state-of-the-art facilities, and affordable healthcare.
The following are the main differences between high-grade and low-grade gliomas:
Surgery is often recommended in Turkey for treating gliomas, particularly if the tumours are removed safely. However, other therapies such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or immunotherapy may also be considered, often in addition to surgery, to achieve the best results, depending on factors such as tumour size, location, and the patient's health. Treatment for each patient is tailored to suit their individual needs.
Gliomas may recur after treatment. Recurrence depends on several factors, such as the location, grade, and type of the glioma. Due to their aggressive nature, glioblastoma and other high-grade gliomas are more likely to recur. Despite successful initial treatment, glioma cells might remain in the brain, which may result in the tumour's recurrence.
The tumour grade, location, type, and overall patient health influence the glioma survival rate in Turkey. More aggressive tumours, like glioblastoma, may have a lower survival rate, though current advances in immunotherapy, radiation, and surgery have promising results. The treatment plan for each patient is personalised to ensure the best possible prognosis, and early detection and individualised treatment significantly enhance survival rates.
The following lifestyle modifications can help in the management of glioma symptoms:
Yes, you can get a second opinion on Glioma treatment in Turkey through MediGence. With MediGence, you can connect with highly experienced professionals from top Turkish hospitals who can provide additional information regarding your diagnosis and treatment options. The platform facilitates easy access to professional help so you can make informed healthcare choices and receive the best care possible.
To find a certified cancer specialist, search MediGence’s website, which offers a list of top-class and internationally trained oncologists from Turkey's best hospitals. Through MediGence, you can search the profiles of specialists, check their credentials, reviews, and experience, and book online consultations. To get the best care for your condition, the website also assists you in finding the best hospitals and provides personalised assistance for your health requirements.