Aortic Valve Disease Treatment in Turkey
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What is Aortic Valve Disease?
Aortic Valve Disease occurs when the aortic valve does not open or close normally. In aortic stenosis, the valve becomes narrowed and restricts blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. In aortic regurgitation, the valve does not close completely, allowing blood to flow backwards into the left ventricle. The condition may develop because of age-related calcification, a bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic heart disease, infection, or other structural abnormalities.
What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?
Timely evaluation helps determine the type and severity of aortic valve disease, assess heart function, control symptoms, and identify when monitoring, medicines, valve repair, or valve replacement may be appropriate. Treating significant disease can help reduce the risk of complications such as heart failure, abnormal heart rhythms, fainting, and other cardiovascular problems.
What are the Common Symptoms of Aortic Valve Disease?
- Shortness of Breath: Breathlessness may develop during physical activity and can become more noticeable as valve disease progresses.
- Chest Discomfort: Aortic stenosis may cause chest pressure, tightness, or discomfort, particularly during exertion.
- Fatigue: Reduced forward blood flow or increased cardiac workload may cause tiredness and reduced stamina.
- Dizziness or Fainting: Reduced blood flow during activity can cause lightheadedness or fainting, particularly in significant aortic stenosis.
- Reduced Exercise Tolerance: Routine physical activities may become increasingly difficult because of breathlessness or fatigue.
- Palpitations: Some people may experience a fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat, particularly when associated rhythm abnormalities develop.
Causes and Risk Factors of Aortic Valve Disease
Causes
- Age-Related Calcification: Calcium deposits and progressive thickening can stiffen and narrow the aortic valve.
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A congenital valve abnormality in which the aortic valve has two leaflets instead of the usual three can lead to stenosis or regurgitation.
- Rheumatic Heart Disease: Rheumatic fever can cause long-term damage and thickening of the aortic valve.
- Infective Endocarditis: Infection of the valve can damage its leaflets and cause regurgitation.
- Congenital Abnormalities: Structural abnormalities present from birth can affect aortic valve function.
- Aortic Root Disease: Enlargement or structural abnormalities of the aorta can prevent the valve from closing properly and cause regurgitation.
- Connective Tissue Disorders: Certain inherited connective tissue conditions can affect the aortic valve or aortic root.
- Previous Cardiac Procedures or Radiation: Some treatments can contribute to later structural valve changes.
Risk Factors
- Older age
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Previous rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Previous infective endocarditis
- Family history of certain valve or aortic conditions
- Certain congenital or connective tissue disorders
Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Aortic Valve Disease in Turkey
- Modern aortic valve care increasingly uses advanced echocardiography, 3D imaging, cardiac CT, cardiac MRI, minimally invasive surgery, and transcatheter valve procedures to assess valve anatomy and guide treatment. Multidisciplinary Heart Teams use clinical assessment, imaging findings, symptoms, age, surgical risk, anatomy, and associated conditions to determine the most appropriate treatment approach. For selected patients with severe aortic stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve implantation/replacement (TAVI/TAVR) provides a less invasive alternative to open surgical valve replacement.
Treatment options for Aortic Valve Disease
Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR): The traditional open-heart standard using either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve, preferred for younger patients, those with low surgical risk, or those requiring multi-valve surgery.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR/TAVI) : A minimally invasive option delivered via a catheter (usually transfemoral). It is now a first-line or highly utilised recommendation across all surgical risk tiers for patients with severe aortic stenosis, depending on age and vascular anatomy.
Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty (BAV): This is properly designated as a temporary, non-definitive bridge therapy. It temporarily widens the valve in hemodynamically unstable adults or as a bridge to definitive SAVR/TAVR.
Bentall procedure : A highly specific, complex cardiac surgery that treats a distinct subset of patients with Aortic Valve Disease. In clinical database structures or decision support tools, it should not be listed as a general synonym or standard treatment option for isolated valve disease.
- Clinical assessment:
- Medical History: Assessment includes symptoms, previous rheumatic fever, congenital valve abnormalities, heart disease, infections, previous procedures, and relevant family history.
- Physical Examination: A doctor may listen for an abnormal heart murmur and assess blood pressure, heart rhythm, breathing, and signs of fluid retention.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): Evaluates heart rhythm and electrical activity and may show changes associated with cardiac strain.
- Exercise or Stress Testing: May help assess functional capacity and symptoms in selected patients who can safely exercise.
- Blood Tests: Selected tests may assess associated conditions, kidney function, blood counts, or other factors relevant to treatment.
- Imaging Tests:
- Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE): The primary imaging test used to assess aortic valve structure, blood flow, valve narrowing or leakage, and heart function.
- Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE): Provides detailed images of the valve and surrounding structures and may assist treatment planning.
- 3D Echocardiography: Provides detailed three-dimensional assessment of valve anatomy in selected patients.
- Cardiac CT: Can provide detailed information about valve calcification, aortic anatomy, and suitability for transcatheter valve procedures.
- Cardiac MRI: May assess ventricular function, aortic anatomy, and the effects of significant aortic regurgitation in selected patients.
- Chest X-ray: May show heart enlargement or changes associated with advanced cardiovascular disease.
- Cardiac Catheterisation: May be performed in selected patients for pressure measurements, coronary assessment, or catheter-based treatment.
MediRehab (a chain of Rehab centres, part of MediGence) provides comprehensive tele-rehabilitation services designed to support Aortic Valve Disease patients in Turkey. These services include:
- Cardiac Rehabilitation: Selected patients may benefit from structured rehabilitation after valve surgery or transcatheter treatment.
- Gradual Physical Activity: Increase activity according to symptoms, heart function, treatment history, and guidance from the cardiac team.
- Exercise Conditioning: Individualised exercise can help improve strength, endurance, and functional capacity when medically appropriate.
- Long-Term Follow-Up: Regular cardiology reviews and echocardiography help monitor prosthetic valve function, heart rhythm, ventricular function, and the aorta when relevant.
- Medicines are selected according to the type and severity of aortic valve disease and associated conditions. Diuretics may help manage fluid retention in patients with heart failure, while blood-pressure medicines may be used when appropriate, particularly in aortic regurgitation. Medicines may also be prescribed to manage abnormal heart rhythms, coronary artery disease, or other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Hospitals for Aortic Valve Disease in Turkey
I.A.U VM Medical Park Florya Hospital
Istanbul, Turkey
I.A.U VM Medical Park Florya Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Situated on an area of 51.000 m2
- Capacity of 300 beds
- 13 Operating rooms
- 92 Polyclinics
- Emergency Unit
- Intensive care Unit
- Parking lots
- Places of worship
- Rooms designed according to different needs offer the comfort of a 5-star hotel
- Special services are provided in all rooms, from television with domestic and foreign channels to internet service, from patient-specific diet menu to newspaper and magazine service
- Cafe/Restaurant with delicious menu
Biruni University Hospital
Istanbul, Turkey
Biruni University Hospital started to serve in 2016. It is a full-fledged multi-specialty healthcare facility, situated in Istanbul, Turkey. The hospital is well-known for its outstanding medical care standards, and it has acquired numerous certificates from international quality organizations. It is a renowned & well-established healthcare facility that provides cutting-edge diagnostic and treatment approaches. They have a team of highly skilled doctors and surgeons on call 24 hours a day, seven days a week to deliver the best medical care possible.
The hospital has various medical departments such as Cardiology, Neurology, Urology, Rheumatology, Pediatrics, General Medicine and Surgery, Gastroenterology, etc. Popular treatments conducted at the hospital are Pediatric Neurology, Cardiac Stenting, Balloon Angioplasty, Bypass surgery, plastic surgery procedures like Hair transplant, & Botox injections, and many more. The hospital is known for its most valuable service i.e. service to human health. Hospital management & professionals define their service concept with the significance attached to the belief. The management is concerned with both medical statistics and, above all, the satisfaction of the patients. Patients from other countries are well looked after. The hospital offers international patients a relaxing and secure environment in terms of psychology, comfort, and health.
The hospital's primary purpose is to provide world-class patient-centered health care through our highly responsible team who can produce information and use it appropriately. With its university-based scientific infrastructure and competent health care, the hospital's management has long-term plans for it, with a desire to be an innovative and leading health institution that is regarded as a reference in the country and around the world. Several value-added services and quality policies are available at the facility. To mention a few, the hospital is open to development and technology, continuously measuring and improving, training qualified health professionals, caring about patient and employee satisfaction, and becoming mobilized to bring an environment of reliable diagnosis, treatment, and care to the majority of the society.
Antalya Anadolu Hastanesi
Antalya, Turkey
Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Antalya Anadolu Hastanesi located in Antalya , Turkey has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals, Interpreter, TV inside room. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- A technological powerhouse, it provides 24*7 trauma care.
- 4 suites and 54 luxurious rooms
- 3 exceptional operating theatres
- 3 Intensive Care Units
- Efficient and capable healthcare personnel
- Focus on patient care, reasonable prices
- State of the art diagnostics setup
- Recognised for providing integrated care for complex cases and rare cases
- Latest 1.5 Tesla MR, 64 2 Multi-slice Computed Tomography (CT), coronary angiography, and panendoscope
- Treatments such as angioplasty(PTCA), cryotherapy, IVF, ERCP, peritoneoscopy, facial palsies, and electro shock wave lithotripsy are available
- Widely experienced and well educated healthcare professionals are at the forefront of healthcare delivery at the Antalya Anadolu Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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Why Choose Turkey for Aortic Valve Disease Treatment?
- Experienced Cardiac Specialists: Access to cardiologists, interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, and other cardiovascular specialists.
- Advanced Cardiac Imaging: Major centres may provide TTE, TEE, 3D echocardiography, cardiac CT, and cardiac MRI.
- Aortic Valve Surgery: Specialised cardiac centres can perform surgical aortic valve repair and replacement. Eligible patients may have access to procedures such as TAVI/TAVR and other catheter-based interventions.
- Advanced Cardiac Care: Hospitals may provide specialised cardiac intensive care and postoperative monitoring.
- Multidisciplinary Heart Teams: Cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, imaging specialists, anaesthesiologists, intensivists, and rehabilitation professionals can coordinate complex valve cases.
- Personalised Treatment Planning: Treatment can be selected according to valve anatomy, severity, symptoms, heart function, age, surgical risk, and associated conditions.
- International Patient Support: Many major Turkey hospitals provide assistance with medical records, appointments, treatment coordination, accommodation, and follow-up.
Frequently Asked Questions
Reviewer
Dr. Nityanand Tripathi
Interventional Cardiologist
29 Years of Experience
With a rich experience of more than 29 years, Dr. Nityanand has gained a vast spectrum of skills and expertise in performing all types of complex cardiac procedures. He is an expert in clinical & interventional cardiology and electrophysiology. He studied his medicine (MBBS) and MD from the Institute of Medical Sciences of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, and later completed his DM in Cardiology from the prestigious King George Medical University, Lucknow. View More
Last Reviewed - January 2026