Your Notifications
All done, no notifications

What is an Ependymoma?

Ependymoma is a type of central nervous system (CNS) tumor that develops from ependymal cells, which line the ventricles of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord. It can occur in both children and adults and may develop in different areas of the brain or spinal cord. Modern classification increasingly incorporates molecular characteristics and tumor location, in addition to microscopic features, to define different ependymoma types.

What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?

Timely diagnosis and treatment are important because an ependymoma can compress or infiltrate nearby brain or spinal cord structures and may obstruct the normal flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Depending on its location and behaviour, the tumor can cause increased intracranial pressure, neurological impairment, hydrocephalus or spinal cord dysfunction. Early specialist evaluation helps determine the appropriate treatment strategy.

What are the Common Symptoms of an Ependymoma?

  • Headache
  • Nausea and vomiting
  • Problems with balance or coordination
  • Difficulty walking
  • Seizures
  • Vision changes
  • Weakness or numbness
  • Back or neck pain in spinal tumors
  • Limb weakness or sensory changes
  • Changes in bladder or bowel function with spinal involvement
  • Hydrocephalus-related symptoms
  • Cognitive or behavioural changes in some brain tumors

Causes and Risk Factors of Ependymoma

Causes

  • The exact cause of most ependymomas is unknown. These tumors arise from genetic and molecular changes in ependymal cells, but in most patients there is no clearly identifiable environmental or lifestyle cause.
  • Some ependymomas have characteristic molecular alterations that help define their tumor subtype.

Risk Factors

  • Childhood or young age for certain ependymoma subtypes
  • Certain genetic conditions, particularly neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2), which is associated with an increased risk of ependymal tumors
  • Specific molecular or genetic alterations within tumor cells

Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Ependymoma in India

Ependymoma treatment is increasingly guided by molecular classification, tumor location, age, extent of surgical removal and disease dissemination. Modern pathology can identify molecular subgroups that provide information about tumor biology and prognosis. Advanced MRI techniques help define tumor anatomy and guide surgical planning.

Current treatment research includes improved molecular classification, targeted approaches for specific tumor alterations, precision radiation techniques and clinical trials investigating new therapies. For selected patients, advanced radiation techniques such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), proton therapy or stereotactic approaches may help deliver radiation while limiting exposure to surrounding healthy tissues.

Treatment options for Ependymoma

Brain cancer surgery (craniotomy) : It is the primary treatment to diagnose, reduce the size of, or completely remove a brain tumor. The main goal is to safely remove as much of the tumor as possible while preserving vital brain functions like speech, movement, and cognitive abilities.


Cost Start From 4500Explore Options

Radiation Therapy : Radiation may be recommended after surgery for selected tumors, particularly when residual disease remains or when tumor characteristics indicate a higher risk of recurrence.


Cost Start From 2500Explore Options

Chemotherapy : It has a limited role in many newly diagnosed ependymomas but may be considered in selected situations, particularly in children or recurrent disease when other treatment options are limited.


Cost Start From 300Explore Options

Treatment for Recurrent Disease: Recurrent ependymoma may require additional surgery, radiation, systemic therapy or a combination of approaches depending on the location and previous treatments.

Multidisciplinary and Supportive Care: Neurology, neurosurgery, radiation oncology, pediatric oncology, rehabilitation and supportive-care specialists may work together to address tumor control, neurological function and quality of life.

  • Clinical assessment:
    • Evaluation begins with a detailed medical history and neurological examination. Doctors assess symptoms such as headaches, seizures, balance problems, weakness, sensory changes, walking difficulties and bladder or bowel dysfunction.
    • For children, doctors may also evaluate developmental progress, school performance, and changes in behaviour.
    • Definitive diagnosis generally requires examination of tumor tissue obtained through surgery or biopsy. Pathological and molecular testing can help determine the ependymoma subtype and guide treatment planning.
  • Imaging Tests:
    • MRI Brain: Provides detailed visualisation of intracranial ependymomas and their relationship with surrounding structures.
    • MRI Spine: Important for spinal ependymomas and for assessing possible dissemination through the CSF pathways.
    • Contrast-Enhanced MRI: Helps define tumor margins, enhancement patterns and residual or recurrent disease.
    • CT Scan: May be used in selected situations, particularly when MRI is unavailable or additional structural information is needed.
    • Spinal Imaging/Neuraxis MRI: May be performed to assess for tumor spread along the brain and spinal cord.
    • CSF assessment: In selected patients, cerebrospinal fluid examination may be performed after imaging or surgery to evaluate possible tumor dissemination.

MediRehab (a chain of Rehab centres, part of MediGence) provides comprehensive rehabilitation services designed to support Ependymoma patients in India. These services include:

  • Physiotherapy: Helps improve strength, balance, coordination and mobility when the tumor or treatment has affected movement.
  • Occupational Therapy: Supports independence with daily activities and helps patients adapt to physical or neurological limitations.
  • Speech and Swallowing Therapy: May be recommended when a brain tumor or its treatment affects speech, communication or swallowing.
  • Neurorehabilitation: Structured rehabilitation can address motor, cognitive and functional difficulties following surgery or other neurological complications.
  • Long-Term Functional Support: Ongoing rehabilitation, nutritional support, psychological care and neurological follow-up may help patients manage persistent or changing functional needs.
  • Medicines do not usually eliminate a localised ependymoma but may be used to manage symptoms and treatment-related complications. Corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce brain or spinal cord swelling around the tumor, while anti-seizure medicines may be used in patients who experience seizures. Pain medicines, anti-nausea medicines and other supportive treatments may also be required. Chemotherapy may be considered in selected recurrent or difficult-to-treat cases, particularly in pediatric patients, but its role varies according to tumor subtype and clinical circumstances.

Instantly Connect with our Specialists

Doctor 1
Doctor 2
Doctor 3
Doctor 4
Doctor 5
Doctor 6
Doctor 7
Doctor 8

Hospitals for Ependymoma in India

Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre: Top Doctors, and Reviews
Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre

Chennai, India

Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre located in Chennai, India is accredited by ISO, JCI, NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • The best minds in healthcare including specialists, and other healthcare professionals work together to treat patients with simple to complex and critical conditions.
  • The number of inpatients and outpatients (annually) are 35,000 and 2,50,000 respectively.
  • A wide range of surgical specialties, sub specialties are available in Sri Ramachandra Medical Centre Chennai.
  • The bed capacity of the hospital is 800 which is inclusive of 200 Intensive Care Unit beds.
  • Blood Bank and Eye Bank are available on a 24/7 basis.
Message Us
Jaypee Hospital: Top Doctors, and Reviews
Jaypee Hospital

Noida, India

Jaypee Hospital located in Noida, India is accredited by ISO, NABH, NABL. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • 525 beds in the first phase
  • 150 Critical Care beds
  • 325 ward beds with Suite, Deluxe, Twin Sharing, and Economy options
  • 18 Modular OTs
  • 4 Cardiac Catheterization Lab with unqie Hybrid Operating Room
  • 24 bedded Advanced Neonatal ICUs20 bedded Dialysis Units
  • 2 Linear Accelerator (IMRT, VMAT, I
  • GRT), Wide Bore CT Simulator, one Brachytherapy Suite
  • True Beam STx Linear Accelerator
  • 2 MRI (3.0 Tesla) with High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound
  • 64 Slice PET CT, Gamma Camera, Dual Head 6 Slice SPECT CT
  • 256 Slice CT Scan, CT Simulation
  • Amongst the few GOLD LEED-certified hospital buildings in India
  • Appointment Scheduling
  • Flow motion 64 Slice PET CT technology
  • Pick and drop facility from/to the Airport
  • Foreign exchange facility
  • Treatment packages
  • Visa assistance
  • Admission in the hospital
  • Wi-Fi/internet service in the room
  • Travel arrangement for patient & attendant after discharge
  • Tele-consults after discharge
  • Dedicated Guest House for International Patients maintained by Jaypee Hospital
  • In-house translators for patient’s comfort
  • Assistance in getting doctor’s opinion
  • Registration with the Foreigners Regional Registration Office
  • Accommodation arrangements after discharge
  • Accommodation arrangement for the accompanying attendant
  • Customized diet for patient and attendant
  • Laundry services
  • Prayer room
  • Dialysis facility for 60 patients
  • Cadaver organs
  • Blood bank facilities
  • Advanced Laboratory facilities
  • Diagnostic and Radiology facilities
  • High-end Ultrasound facilities
Message Us
Fortis Hiranandani Hospital: Top Doctors, and Reviews
Fortis Hiranandani Hospital

Mumbai, India

  • Fortis Hiranandani Hospital, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, is a leading NABH-accredited multi-super speciality hospital offering advanced tertiary care with over 150 beds.
  • The hospital is known for clinical excellence in Cardiac Sciences, Oncology, Neurology, Orthopaedics, Organ Transplants, Urology, Gastroenterology, and Critical Care.
  • With a strong team of experienced doctors, modern medical technology, and international patient services, the hospital provides comprehensive and patient-focused treatment.
  • It maintains high standards of safety, hygiene, and quality care, making it a trusted healthcare destination in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region.
Message Us

Our Services to better your experience

Opinion & Option

We submit the most accurate opinion and options from one or more countries for your review

Consult Privately

Consult with a certified specialist privately on our telemedicine platform even before you decide to travel

Logistics

We handle flights, visas, transfers, and accommodation—so you can focus on your health.

Recovery

Our In-house rehabilitation service packages to better your recovery and treatment outcome

Why Choose India for Ependymoma Treatment?

  • Experienced Neuro-Oncology Teams: Patients can access multidisciplinary teams involving neurosurgeons, neuro-oncologists, radiation oncologists, neurologists and rehabilitation specialists.
  • Advanced Neuroimaging and Molecular Diagnosis: Major centres may offer high-resolution MRI, neuraxis imaging, advanced pathology and molecular testing to support tumor classification.
  • Advanced Neurosurgical Techniques: Selected patients may have access to image-guided and minimally invasive neurosurgical approaches designed to achieve maximal safe tumor removal.
  • Modern Radiation Therapy: Appropriate patients may have access to techniques such as IMRT, stereotactic radiation and proton therapy where available.
  • Comprehensive Rehabilitation and International Support: Rehabilitation services and international-patient departments can support recovery, follow-up and treatment coordination.

Frequently Asked Questions

Recovery depends on tumor location, size, extent of surgery, neurological effects and whether radiation or other treatment is required. Some patients recover within weeks, while others require several months of rehabilitation and follow-up.

Many patients can walk normally, particularly when the tumor does not affect motor pathways. Brain or spinal tumors that affect movement may cause weakness or balance problems and can require physiotherapy or other rehabilitation.

Major Indian cancer and neurosurgical centres may provide advanced MRI, image-guided neurosurgery, molecular pathology and modern radiation techniques for appropriately selected patients.

Many major Indian hospitals have international-patient departments that assist with medical records, specialist consultations, treatment coordination, travel arrangements, accommodation and follow-up care.

Consider a centre with experience in neuro-oncology and access to neurosurgery, neuropathology, molecular testing, radiation oncology and rehabilitation. For children, a multidisciplinary pediatric neuro-oncology team is particularly important.

No single success rate applies to all ependymomas. Outcomes depend on tumor location, molecular subtype, age, extent of safe tumor removal, spread of disease and response to additional treatment.

Neurosurgeons, neuro-oncologists, radiation oncologists and pediatric oncology teams in India manage ependymomas as part of specialised neuro-oncology care. Experience should be assessed according to the patient's age and specific tumor characteristics.

Risks depend on the tumor location and treatment. Surgery may cause bleeding, infection, seizures or neurological deficits, while radiation and medicines can cause treatment-specific side effects. The treating team should explain individual risks before therapy.

A doctor should evaluate persistent or worsening symptoms such as headaches, vomiting, seizures, weakness, balance problems, or changes in bladder or bowel function. Sudden severe neurological symptoms, seizures or loss of consciousness require emergency medical assessment.

Ependymoma does not typically cause physical deformities. However, tumors affecting the brain or spinal cord can sometimes result in lasting weakness, movement difficulties, sensory changes or other neurological impairments.

Yes. Symptoms, neurological deficits, treatment effects and the need for long-term monitoring can affect mobility, education, work, communication, independence and emotional well-being. Rehabilitation and supportive care can help address these challenges.

An untreated ependymoma may continue to grow and compress or damage nearby neurological structures. Depending on its location and behaviour, it can cause progressive neurological impairment, hydrocephalus, seizures or other complications.

Most ependymomas cannot be prevented because their exact causes are not known. People with certain inherited conditions associated with increased tumor risk may require specialist surveillance according to their genetic and clinical circumstances.

Ependymoma can occur at any age but has different patterns across age groups and molecular subtypes. Some forms are more frequently seen in children, while spinal ependymomas are more common in adults. Certain inherited conditions are also associated with an increased risk of ependymal tumors.