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What are Uterine fibroids?

Uterine fibroids, or leiomyomas, are tissue and muscle growths in or around the uterine wall. These growths are the most prevalent noncancerous female tumours and are often benign (not malignant).

Numerous symptoms, including pain and heavy, irregular vaginal bleeding, can be brought on by uterine fibroids. Sometimes, a person is unaware that they have fibroids because they don't have any symptoms.

What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?

A woman's quality of life may be significantly impacted by consequences like heavy bleeding, anaemia, and pelvic pain, which can be avoided with timely treatment for uterine fibroids. Early treatment can help control symptoms, lower the chance of infertility, and stop fibroids from getting worse or getting more significant. Early intervention can also assist women who want to become pregnant in the future to maintain their reproductive health and prevent the need for more invasive operations.

What are the Common Symptoms of Uterine Fibroids?

The symptoms of uterine fibroids are often nonexistent. For those who do, the number, size, and location of fibroids may affect symptoms.

The most typical signs of uterine fibroids are:

  • Painful periods or heavy menstrual blood
  • Lengthier or more regular intervals
  • Soreness or pressure in the pelvis
  • Difficulty urinating or frequent urination
  • Growing stomach region
  • Constipation
  • Lower back or stomach ache or pain during intercourse

Types of uterine fibroids

Uterine fibroids come in various forms based on their location and mode of attachment. Uterine fibroids come in several forms, such as:

  • Intramural fibroids: These fibroids are encased in your uterus's muscular wall. They are the most prevalent kind.
  • Submucosal fibroids: These fibroids develop beneath your uterine lining.
  • Subserosal fibroids: These fibroids develop beneath the uterine lining on the outside. They have the potential to develop into your pelvis and get rather significant.
  • Pedunculated fibroids: These fibroids, the least frequent kind, have a stalk or stem that connects them to your uterus.

Causes, Risk Factors and Complications of Uterine Fibroids

Causes

It's unclear what explicitly causes uterine fibroids. However, these elements might be involved:

  • Gene changes: Gene alterations in many fibroids differ from those in normal uterine muscle cells.
  • Hormones: In preparation for pregnancy, the tissue lining the inside of the uterus thickens with each menstrual cycle due to the action of two hormones, progesterone and estrogen.
  • Compared to normal uterine muscle cells, fibroids have more cells that are bound by estrogen and progesterone. Following menopause, a decrease in hormone levels causes fibroids to shrink.
  • Other growth factors: Fibroid growth may be impacted by substances like insulin-like growth factors that aid in tissue maintenance.
  • Extracellular matrix (ECM): ECM stands for extracellular matrix. Like mortar between bricks, this substance causes cells to stick together. Fibroids become fibrous due to an increase in ECM. Additionally, ECM produces physiological changes in the cells and accumulates growth factors.

Risk Factors

When it comes to uterine fibroids, the only known risk factor is being of reproductive age. These consist of:

  • Race: Fibroids can grow in any person of reproductive age who was born a woman.
  • Family history: You are more likely to get fibroids if your mother or sister did.
  • Additional factors: Fibroids appear to be more likely to develop in people who start their periods before the age of ten, are obese, have low vitamin D levels, eat a diet high in red meat and low in green vegetables, fruit, and dairy, and drink alcohol, including beer.

Complications

The majority of uterine fibroids don't result in significant issues. However, the following are the most typical fibroid side effects:

  • Pain that becomes out of control.
  • Swelling in the pelvis or abdomen.
  • Excessive bleeding.
  • Anaemia
  • Infertility

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Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Uterine Fibroids in Thailand

  • Thailand is advancing in treating uterine fibroids through novel technologies and research.
  • Fibroids are being removed via minimally invasive treatments such as laparoscopic myomectomy and robot-assisted surgery, which allow for quicker recovery and reduced scarring.
  • Uterine artery embolisation (UAE) is becoming a popular non-surgical method for shrinking fibroids.
  • Research is also being conducted on focused ultrasound therapy (HIFU) for non-invasive fibroid treatment.
  • Furthermore, advances in genetic research are aiding in a better understanding and individualised treatment for fibroid management.

Uterine Fibroids Prevention Tips

  • Making healthy lifestyle choices may help reduce your risk of developing fibroid disease.
  • Make an effort to maintain a healthy weight.
  • Engage in frequent physical activity.
  • Consume a diet rich in fruits and vegetables that is well-balanced.
  • According to research, long-acting progestin-only contraceptives or birth control pills may reduce the risk of fibroids.

Treatment options for Uterine fibroids

Fibroid Removal Surgery: To remove or shrink fibroids while protecting the uterus and shortening recovery times, minimally invasive procedures such as laparoscopic radiofrequency ablation and myomectomy are available. Uterine artery embolisation is one technique that stops the fibroids' blood flow, which causes them to shrink and alleviate symptoms.


Cost Start From USD 4500 - USD 5500Explore Options

Hysterectomy: The uterus is removed during this procedure. It is still the only treatment for uterine fibroids that has been effective over time.


Cost Start From USD 6000 - USD 10000Explore Options

Microwave Endometrial Ablation: Heavy menstrual flow might be lessened using this therapy. An apparatus inside the uterus emits electric current, heat, microwave energy, hot water, or frigid temperatures. The tissue lining the uterus inside is destroyed as a result.


Cost Start From USD 4000 - USD 7500Explore Options

Abdominal myomectomy: With this kind of surgery, fibroids are removed by making a bigger incision in the abdomen

  • Clinical tests
    • Ultrasound: This test takes an image of your uterus using sound waves. It can map and measure your fibroids and confirm that you have them.
    • Blood tests: To investigate potential reasons. A complete blood count to screen for anaemia from continuous blood loss may be one of them.
  • Imaging tests
    • Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): This test can more clearly display the location and size of fibroids. Additionally, it can distinguish between various tumour kinds and assist in deciding on the best course of action.
    • Hysterosonography: To obtain images of the uterine lining and submucosal fibroids during pregnancy or heavy monthly flow, hysterosonography employs saline to dilate the uterus cavity.
    • Hysterosalpingography: Hysterosalpingography is a diagnostic procedure that helps identify if the fallopian tubes are blocked or open by using dye to highlight the uterine cavity and tubes on X-ray pictures.
    • Hysteroscopy: A lighted hysteroscope is inserted via the cervix during a hysteroscopy, during which a doctor injects saline into the uterus to widen the cavity and examine the fallopian tubes.

Symptom management and recovery after treatment are the main goals of rehabilitation therapies for uterine fibroids. These consist of:

  • Physical Therapy: Through focused exercises that strengthen pelvic muscles and enhance circulation, physical therapy helps control pelvic pain and discomfort.
  • Pain management: After therapy, medications like NSAIDs control pain and inflammation.
  • Lifestyle Modifications: Exercise, stress management, and maintaining a healthy weight can all help lessen fibroid symptoms and enhance general well-being.

The goals of these rehabilitation techniques are to aid in healing, control symptoms, and stop more uterine fibroids-related issues.

  • Due to adverse effects, including hot flashes and bone loss, GnRH agonists are usually taken for brief periods. However, they can help decrease fibroids by causing a transient menopause-like condition, stopping periods, and lowering symptoms like heavy bleeding.
  • GnRH Antagonists can be administered for up to two years, frequently in conjunction with other therapies to minimise adverse effects, and can control heavy menstrual flow without reducing fibroids.
  • Additional medications include birth control or iron supplements to reduce bleeding and anaemia, non-hormonal alternatives for severe bleeding, progestin-releasing IUDs for symptom relief, and NSAIDs for pain management.

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Hospitals for Uterine fibroids in Thailand

Bangpakok 9 International Hospital: Top Doctors, and Reviews
Bangpakok 9 International Hospital

Bangkok, Thailand

Bangpakok 9 International Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • It would be prudent to summarise the Medical Services provided at the Bangpakok 9 International Hospital (BPK 9), Bangkok, Thailand:
  • Cosmetic Dentistry
  • Dental Implants
  • Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
  • Exercise Stress Test
  • Health Screening
  • Laser Vagina Firming
  • Pediatric Physical Therapy
  • Perfect Slim by Vela II
  • Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal
  • Prosthodontics
  • The Medical Services are also inclusive of the International Patient Services such as the ones listed here:
  • Thai, English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Myanmar, Cambodia, Bangladeshi, Bahasa and Tagalog are the languages in which there are Translation services available for International Patients.
  • Visa extension related assistance
  • International health insurance related assistance
  • Embassy and international organizations related assistance
  • A variety of meals of choice for International Patients
  • Email consultation services
  • Transfer to either airport and/or hotels
  • Prayer room
  • Four different types of rooms are available such as Deluxe room, two kinds of suites, and a VIP suite.
  • Hospital facilities like The Coffee shop, Food Hall, Cafe and Medical Spa.
  • Complete health and safety protocols are maintained in the various Medical Centers some of whom are as follows:
  • Aesthetic Center
  • 24 Hour Emergency Center
  • Allergy Center
  • Breast Center
  • bSmart Center
  • Checkup Center
  • Dental Center,
  • Happy Long Life Center
  • Medical Fitness Center
  • Psychiatric Center
  • Rehabilitation Center
  • Sleep Disorders Center
BNH Hospital, Bangkok: Top Doctors, and Reviews
BNH Hospital, Bangkok

Bangkok, Thailand

  • Despite offering an assortment of healthcare services (including both primary and speciality care), BNH Hospital also provides a range of medical disciplines, including cardiac, liver, musculoskeletal, central nervous system (brain), gastrointestinal, children’s, and female-specific procedures. They provide patients with accurate diagnostic imaging, advanced surgical options with smaller incisions, rehabilitation services, and preventive care, utilising highly trained staff and cutting-edge technology. Through its dedicated international patient services department, BNH works with medical professionals to create individualised treatment plans for patients, based on evidence-based medicine, while providing ongoing support and assistance to ensure they have access to high-quality, patient-focused health care.
Bangkok Hospital: Top Doctors, and Reviews
Bangkok Hospital

Bangkok, Thailand

Bangkok Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:

  • It is recognised for the application of the newest healthcare technology.
  • Blood analysis center that is not just the best in Thailand but in Asia Pacific as well.
  • Biomolecule center that is the seed of healthcare equipment for Thailand and overseas.
  • International affiliations and collaborations with universities and hospitals in Japan and the United States of America.
  • 11 hospitals are recognised as Centers of Excellence.
  • Known excellence in Trauma, Orthopedics, Cardiovascular, Neurology as well as Cancer Care.
  • There is a proper streamlined patient services process followed in Bangkok Dusit Medical Services, Bangkok, Thailand.
  • A well developed research center showcases the intent of the organisation to provide research based treatment opportunities to the patients.
  • The group has several Medical industry partnerships as well to ensure healthcare solutions.

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Why Choose Thailand for Uterine Fibroids Treatment?

Here are some of the reasons for choosing Thailand:

  • Advanced Technologies: Thailand provides innovative treatments such as laparoscopic surgery, robot-assisted myomectomy, and uterine artery embolisation.
  • Minimally Invasive Procedures: Patients benefit from less invasive choices with faster recovery times and less scarring.
  • Experienced Specialists: Gynecologists and fibroid management professionals give specialised care.
  • Affordable Care: Receive high-quality care at a fraction of the expense of Western countries.
  • Comprehensive Care: Thailand's hospitals offer bilingual support and foreign patient services to ensure a pleasant visit.

Frequently Asked Questions

Fibroids may develop in a cluster or as a single nodule (one growth). Fibroid clusters can be as little as 1 millimetre or as large as more than 20 centimetres (8 inches) in diameter. These growths may appear outside your uterus, inside its central cavity, or within its wall.

If you have fibroids, you may feel a range of different emotions. You might not feel anything and be unaware you have tiny fibroids. Larger fibroids, on the other hand, may cause pain and discomfort. Back pain, abdominal pain, and even pain during intercourse can all be symptoms of fibroids.

The overall success rate for uterine fibroid treatments in Thailand is high. Minimally invasive processes, such as laparoscopic myomectomy, have success rates of 85-95%, with fewer problems and faster recovery times.

Non-surgical treatments such as uterine artery embolisation (UAE) have a high success rate in lowering fibroid size and symptoms, with efficacy ranging from 80-90%.

The patient's health, the size of the fibroid, and its location all influence the outcome.

You get anaemia when your body doesn't have enough healthy red blood cells to deliver oxygen to your organs. People who get heavy or frequent periods may develop anaemia. Your periods may be weighty, or you may even bleed in between cycles if you have fibroids. If you have fibroids and anaemia symptoms are bothering you, consult your doctor.

A fibroid's overall size does not necessarily indicate that it must be removed. Based on your symptoms, your doctor will decide whether surgery is required. For instance, fibroids as small as marble can nevertheless result in severe bleeding, depending on where they are located. Your doctor can talk about any symptoms that might necessitate surgery.

Yes, laparoscopic surgery is a safe, minimally invasive treatment that is widely utilised in Thailand, with shorter recovery times and less scarring.

Thailand's treatment expenses are often lower than those in Western countries, allowing for high-quality care at reduced prices.

Yes, many Thai hospitals provide multilingual services, including English-speaking doctors and personnel for international patients.

If you have uterine fibroids, you can still become pregnant. Your healthcare physician will collaborate with you to create a monitoring strategy for fibroids if you are already aware that you have them when you get pregnant. Your body releases more hormones when you are pregnant. These hormones support pregnancy. They may, however, also result in the enlargement of your fibroids. During pregnancy, large fibroids may result in the following issues:

  • The inability of the fetus to flip into a head-down position increases the likelihood of a C-section birth.
  • Labor doesn't advance.
  • Sudden placental death.
  • Premature birth.

Yes, you can seek a second opinion on portal hypertension therapy in Thailand from MediGence.

MediGence allows you to connect with highly qualified professionals from leading Thai hospitals who can provide more information about your diagnosis and treatment options.

The platform makes it easy to get professional guidance, allowing you to make informed healthcare decisions and receive the best possible care.

Fibroids can enlarge or contract over time. They might undergo rapid size changes or gradual, long-term size changes. Although there are several causes for this, most of the time, the amount of hormones in your body is connected to the shift in fibroid size. Larger fibroids may result from elevated hormone levels in the body. Pregnancy is one of the occasions in your life when this may occur.

Additionally, when your hormone levels fall, fibroids may shrink. This is typical following menopause. After menopause, your symptoms might frequently improve as well.

Some people's fibroids may decrease after menopause. This is due to a drop in hormones. When the fibroids diminish, your symptoms may disappear. Small fibroids may not require treatment if they do not cause any symptoms.

Author

Dr. Vishwas Kaushik
Dr. Vishwas Kaushik

MBBS, MD

7 Years of Experience

Dr. Vishwas Kaushik is a qualified medical professional holding an MBBS from the prestigious Belgorod State University, Russia, with a strong foundation in clinical medicine and healthcare practice. His comprehensive medical training has equipped him with a profound understanding of evidence-based clinical practices, patient-centered care, and the evolving landscape of modern medicine. With a keen interest in medical research and scientific communication, he consistently translates complex clinical concepts into clear, accurate, and accessible content for diverse audiences. His work reflects a deep commitment to advancing medical knowledge, delivering impactful healthcare insights, and bridging the gap between clinical expertise and accessible medical communication. View More

Reviewer

Dr. Pradeep Jain
Dr. Pradeep Jain

General & Laparoscopic Surgeon

33 Years of Experience

Dr. Pradeep Jain has completed his MBBS, MS - General Surgery, MCh - Surgical Gastroenterology/G.I. Surgery, and MCh - Surgical Oncology. He is a GastroIntestinal Surgeon, General Surgeon, Surgical Oncologist, Bariatric Surgeon par excellence with total experience of 36 years of which about 33+ years have been as a specialist View More

Last Reviewed - January 2026