Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) Treatment in Thailand

What is Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC)?

It is a type of cancer known as invasive ductal carcinoma that develops when aberrant cells that are growing in the milk duct lining transform and spread to the breast tissue outside the duct walls.

What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?

Timely treatment of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is vital for many possible reasons:

• Preventing Spread- Early detection can stop IDC spread to other body sites, including lymph nodes. The likelihood of a successful course of treatment increases with early intervention to stop this spread.
• Improving Survival Rates- The survival rate of early-stage IDC is higher than that of advanced stages. For better outcomes, early treatment can significantly increase long-term survival.
• Reducing Complications- Early treatment minimises the risk of complications such as spread to the other organs through lymph nodes or the bloodstream, also called metastasis and the need for more aggressive treatments.
• Preserving Quality of Life - Less invasive techniques and improving surgical outcomes are frequently used in early treatment, enhancing quality of life and speeding up recovery.
• Psychological Benefits- Early diagnosis and treatment can reduce stress and anxiety linked with the uncertainty of untreated cancer.

What are the Common Symptoms of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(IDC)?

Possible signs of invasive ductal carcinoma

• Lumps in the breast that differ from other surrounding tissues
• Localised Persistent breast pain and discomfort
• Breast skin becomes firmer, and redness appear
• Observable changes in the shape and size of the breast and an orange peel appearance of the breast skin.
• Swelling or breast enlargement due to inflammation
• Unusual Nipple discharge, which can be clear, bloody or of any colour.
• Nipple retraction or dimpling
• Swollen lymph nodes around the collarbones or underarms
• Scaly or flaky skin on the nipple or an ulceration (sore) on the skin of the breast or nipple. These can be signs of Paget’s disease, a different kind of breast cancer that can occur along with IDC.

Causes and Risk Factors of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(IDC)

The exact causes of IDC are not fully recognised, but several factors are involved in its development:

Causes

• Genetic Mutations: Uncontrolled cell proliferation in the breast ducts/Milk ducts can result from mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes.
• Hormonal Factors: Estrogen and progesterone hormones can escalate the growth of cancer cells.
• Environmental Factors: Certain chemicals and exposure to radiation can increase the risk factors.

Risk Factors

• Age - Approximately two-thirds of women diagnosed with invasive ductal breast cancer are 55 years of age or older, according to the American Cancer Society, indicating that the chance of developing IDC rises with age.
• Gender- Women are at higher risk of IDC than men, but in the United States, about 1 out of 100 Breast cancers are diagnosed in a man, out of which IDC is the most common type found.
• Family History
• Personal History - The risk may be increased by prior breast cancer or benign breast illness.
• Hormone Replacement Therapy- Prolonged use of hormone replacement therapy can increase the risk.
• Obesity
• Alcohol Consumption
• Radiation Exposure

Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(IDC) in Thailand

• Genetic Research for Personalized IDC Treatment: The discovery of novel germline mutations by exome sequencing in Thai breast cancer patients advances precision medicine for the treatment of IDC. Shows a higher prevalence of BRCA1/2 and HER2 mutations.
• Plasma Biomarkers for IDC Detection: According to Thai researchers, MMP-9 is a critical biomarker for early IDC identification, which allows for better screening and individualised treatment.

Invasive Ductal Carcinoma (IDC) Prevention Tips

Adopting good lifestyle practices and taking charge of your health is key to preventing invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC); here are some tips-

• Maintain a balanced diet rich in fibres that include fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins; drink sufficient water depending on your body weight to keep your metabolism functioning well. Avoid alcohol consumption as it induces the risk of breast cancer.
• Lifestyle modifications should be made by staying physically active to maintain a healthy weight. Being overweight or obese increases the risk of breast cancer in women.
• Quit smoking
• Visit your healthcare professionals for routine checkups and routine procedures like mammograms and breast examinations to detect any early abnormalities.
• Limit Hormone replacement therapies and use them over a short period that too under the medical guidance of healthcare professionals.
• Recognise early breast cancer symptoms like severe nipple retraction unusual inflammation like swelling, itching,and breast enlargement, and seek medical attention if needed.