Ductal Carcinoma In Situ Treatment in Singapore
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What is Ductal Carcinoma In Situ?
Ductal carcinoma in situ is an extremely early form of breast cancer. When it occurs, the cancer cells are contained within a breast milk duct, and the surrounding breast tissue remains free of cancerous cells. A common term for this type of breast cancer is DCIS. This type of breast cancer is sometimes referred to as stage 0, noninvasive, or preinvasive.
DCIS is usually found on a mammogram that is done to screen for breast cancer or to investigate a lump in the breast. There is a minimal chance that DCIS will become invasive and threaten life. However, it must be evaluated, and treatment options must be considered.
DCIS is often treated with surgery. Other treatments may include hormone therapy or radiation therapy in addition to surgery.
What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?
Ductal Cell Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS) must be treated early to lower the chance of recurrence and spread to other body areas, as well as to stop it from developing into invasive breast cancer. Early detection reduces the psychological and physical effects of more invasive surgeries, increases survival rates, and permits breast-conserving therapy. Patients who receive immediate treatment for DCIS have a better prognosis and a higher quality of life, and their chances of the disease developing into something invasive or life-threatening are significantly decreased.
What are the Common Symptoms of Ductal Carcinoma In situ?
Typically, ductal carcinoma in situ does not exhibit any symptoms. DCIS is another name for this early stage of breast cancer.
DCIS can occasionally result in symptoms like:
- A lump in the breast.
- Bloody discharge from the nipples.
Mammography is typically where DCIS is detected. In breast tissue, it manifests as microscopic calcium particles. These are calcifications, which are deposits of calcium.
Causes and Risk Factors of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Causes
- A non-malignant breast cancer that starts in the milk ducts is referred to as ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). While their exact cause is not known, risk factors are age (typically greater than 50), radiation, family history or genetic defects (e.g., BRCA1/2), hormonal imbalances, and personal history of benign breast disease.
- The risk can also be increased by lifestyle factors such as obesity, alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise, as well as previous reproductive history. Early detection screening is key to the management of DCIS.
Risk Factors
- Age
- Hormonal Factors
- History & Genetics
- Personal History of Breast Conditions
- Radiation Exposure
- Obesity
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Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Singapore
In Singapore, the approach to treating Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) has undergone significant evolution, thanks to advancements in technology and enhanced clinical practices. Surgical interventions, including lumpectomy and mastectomy, are still at the forefront of treatment, often accompanied by radiotherapy to help minimise the risk of recurrence. The adoption of oncoplastic surgery techniques enables effective tumour removal while preserving the breast's aesthetic qualities. Furthermore, cutting-edge technologies such as augmented reality microscopes and deep learning-based grading systems are enhancing the precision and reliability of histopathological evaluations. These innovations are focused on personalising treatments, reducing the likelihood of overtreatment, and ultimately improving outcomes for patients.
Treatment options for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
Lumpectomy: The breast cancer and a portion of the surrounding normal tissue are cut out during a lumpectomy. There is no removal of the rest of the breast tissue. Wide local excision and breast-conserving surgery are alternative names for this procedure. Most patients who have a lumpectomy also undergo radiation therapy.
Mastectomy: The removal of all the breast tissue by operation is called a mastectomy. If you prefer, breast reconstruction to re-form the appearance of the breast may be performed at the same time or later on.
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Hormone therapy: Endocrine therapy, also referred to as hormone therapy, involves using drugs that prevent the body from making specific hormones. It is applied in the treatment of breast cancers that are estrogen and progesterone-sensitive.
Cost Start From USD 1000 - USD 3000Explore Options
Radiation Therapy: To reduce the risk of recurrence, radiation therapy is often given after surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). It is typically recommended following a lumpectomy, especially if the tumour is large or has high-risk features. High-energy X-rays are employed in the treatment to locate and kill any remaining cancer cells in the breast tissue. Radiation therapy significantly decreases the possibility that DCIS could recur.
- Mammography is the most common screening method for detecting breast calcifications that may indicate ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
- Breast ultrasound is often used in conjunction with mammography to evaluate areas of concern further.
- MRI: Provides high-resolution images that help determine the extent of DCIS.
- Biopsy: The best test for diagnosing DCIS is a biopsy, in which tissue is removed from the suspicious region to determine whether cancer cells are present.
MediRehab (a chain of Rehabilitation centres—part of MediGence) provides comprehensive rehabilitation services to support patients through Teleconsultations and online therapy sessions.
- Physical Therapy assists in the recovery of strength, improvement in mobility, and removal of any restrictions after surgery (e.g., mastectomy or lumpectomy).
- Lymphedema Management: Physical therapists can help reduce arm or breast swelling in patients undergoing radiation therapy or surgery.
- Depending on the severity of the condition, your healthcare professional may prescribe medicine to help control your symptoms and support the treatment plan.
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Hospitals for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ in Singapore
Mount Elizabeth Hospital
Singapore, Singapore
Mount Elizabeth Hospital located in Singapore, Singapore is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- 345 bedded Hospital
- Maternity wards
- The Mount Elizabeth Patient Assistance Centre (MPAC)
- 1 major operating unit with 12 operating rooms and 1 operating theatre dedicated to in vitro fertilisation (IVF)
- Intensive Care Unit
- High Dependency Unit (HDU)
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
- Accident & Emergency Department
- Rooms are categorized as Single rooms, 2-bedded rooms, 4-bedded rooms, Executive deluxe suite, Daffodil/Magnolia suite, VIP Room, and Royal Suite
- All patient rooms are equipped with electric safe, LCD, sofa cum bed, wardrobe, radio channels, and much more
- Parking lot
Gleneagles Hospital
Singapore, Singapore
Gleneagles Hospital, located on Napier Road in Singapore, is a leading private healthcare institution offering comprehensive medical services and advanced clinical care. With 221 beds and a strong team of medical specialists, the hospital holds the Singapore Quality Class certification for excellence in healthcare. Its state-of-the-art facilities include ICU, HDU, NICU, Urgent Care Centre, operating theatres, radiology, endoscopy, laboratories, and rehabilitation units. Gleneagles specializes in orthopaedics, oncology, women’s health, and gastroenterology, offering tailored programs for cancer, bone, and gut health. With modern maternity packages and patient-friendly rooms, the hospital ensures compassionate, high-quality care focused on safety, comfort, and recovery.
Farrer Park Hospital
Singapore, Singapore
Apart from in-detail treatment procedures available, Farrer Park Hospital located in Connexion, Singapore has a wide variety of facilities available for International Patients. Some of the facilities which are provided by them are Accommodation, Airport Transfer, Choice of Meals, Interpreter, SIM, TV inside room. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- A medical centre is linked to the Farrer Park Hospital Complex, Connexion, Singapore
- The focus of the hospital is to bring together two essential elements: those of healthcare combined with hospitality.
- There is a building with 20 different stories which comprises Owen Link, hotel and spa.
- Personal attention and patient care focus is maintained with a system in place of listening, analysing, evaluating and then implementing a treatment plan.
- 121 bed capacity
- Technology and innovations help provide the best of medical and surgical treatment options.
- Professionally implemented international patient care systems
- Suites: Cardiovascular, day surgery, endoscopy, major surgery, nuclear medicine, radiation oncology, and inpatient suite
- Diagnostic imaging and intensive care unit
- 24 hour emergency clinic and pharmacy
- Facilities such as dialysis, nutrition services, rehab centre, and teaching clinic
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Why Choose Singapore for Duct Carcinoma In Situ Treatment?
Singapore is an excellent destination for treating ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) due to its world-class medical infrastructure, highly trained medical professionals, and access to the latest technologies. The country offers comprehensive care tailored to each patient's specific needs, including radiation therapy, surgery, and targeted therapies. Singapore is also a favoured destination for high-value care because the cost of medical care is often lower compared to other countries.
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, mammography can often detect ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). DCIS usually appears as microcalcifications, microscopic calcium deposits that appear as white specks on X-rays. Microcalcifications can also occur with benign conditions, but when they occur in specific patterns, they can be a marker for DCIS. Mammograms are a key early detection method for DCIS, often before symptoms develop.
In Singapore, a biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). While mammograms and other imaging tests can identify problematic spots, a biopsy is necessary to collect a tissue sample for microscopic analysis. Doctors can use this to effectively diagnose DCIS, evaluate its features, and choose the best course of treatment.
In Singapore, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) often needs surgery, although this depends on the individual case. Based on the size, location, and other features of the DCIS, the most frequent surgical options are mastectomy (breast removal) or lumpectomy (tumour removal).
Surgery is not always needed for DCIS, especially if the issue is detected early and can be treated with hormone therapy or radiation. After consulting with the medical team, the choice is made based on the patient's condition and personal preferences.
Mastectomy can be suggested for Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) in Singapore if the DCIS is extensive or widespread or if it occurs in several locations within the breast, so that breast-conserving surgery, such as lumpectomy, is not as effective. It can also be suggested if the patient is at high risk of recurrence or if prior surgery has not worked to remove the cancer.
Radiation therapy is often recommended in Singapore’s healthcare environments for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), particularly after a lumpectomy. It targets any remaining breast cancer cells, reducing the risk of recurrence. However, radiation therapy is not required for all DCIS patients. Tumour size, margins, grade, and other risk factors affect the decision.
In Singapore patients, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) may recur after treatment; the risk is low if proper treatment is undertaken. The opposite or the same breast (local recurrence) can suffer from recurrence. Several factors, including the grade of DCIS, surgical margins, radiation therapy application, and the patient's overall condition, can influence the risk of recurrence. Imaging tests, monitoring, and follow-up treatment are essential in detecting early recurrence.
Over the years, the survival rate for breast cancer has seen a significant boost due to advancements in treatment options and the ability to catch it early. For instance, patients diagnosed with Stage I breast cancer enjoy a remarkable 90% survival rate over five years. In contrast, those facing Stage II breast cancer have an 80% survival rate for the same period, as highlighted in a 2017 report from the Singapore Cancer Registry.
To find a certified cancer specialist, search MediGence’s website, which offers a list of top-class and internationally trained oncologists from Singapore's best hospitals. Through MediGence, you can search for specialists' profiles, review their credentials, experience, and ratings, and book online consultations. To receive the best care for your condition, the website also helps you find the best hospitals and provides personalised assistance tailored to your health needs.