Aortic Valve Disease Treatment in Turkey
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What is Aortic Valve Disease?
Aortic Valve Disease occurs when the aortic valve does not open or close normally. In aortic stenosis, the valve becomes narrowed and restricts blood flow from the left ventricle to the aorta. In aortic regurgitation, the valve does not close completely, allowing blood to flow backwards into the left ventricle. The condition may develop because of age-related calcification, a bicuspid aortic valve, rheumatic heart disease, infection, or other structural abnormalities.
What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?
Timely evaluation helps determine the type and severity of aortic valve disease, assess heart function, control symptoms, and identify when monitoring, medicines, valve repair, or valve replacement may be appropriate. Treating significant disease can help reduce the risk of complications such as heart failure, abnormal heart rhythms, fainting, and other cardiovascular problems.
What are the Common Symptoms of Aortic Valve Disease?
- Shortness of Breath: Breathlessness may develop during physical activity and can become more noticeable as valve disease progresses.
- Chest Discomfort: Aortic stenosis may cause chest pressure, tightness, or discomfort, particularly during exertion.
- Fatigue: Reduced forward blood flow or increased cardiac workload may cause tiredness and reduced stamina.
- Dizziness or Fainting: Reduced blood flow during activity can cause lightheadedness or fainting, particularly in significant aortic stenosis.
- Reduced Exercise Tolerance: Routine physical activities may become increasingly difficult because of breathlessness or fatigue.
- Palpitations: Some people may experience a fast, pounding, or irregular heartbeat, particularly when associated rhythm abnormalities develop.
Causes and Risk Factors of Aortic Valve Disease
Causes
- Age-Related Calcification: Calcium deposits and progressive thickening can stiffen and narrow the aortic valve.
- Bicuspid Aortic Valve: A congenital valve abnormality in which the aortic valve has two leaflets instead of the usual three can lead to stenosis or regurgitation.
- Rheumatic Heart Disease: Rheumatic fever can cause long-term damage and thickening of the aortic valve.
- Infective Endocarditis: Infection of the valve can damage its leaflets and cause regurgitation.
- Congenital Abnormalities: Structural abnormalities present from birth can affect aortic valve function.
- Aortic Root Disease: Enlargement or structural abnormalities of the aorta can prevent the valve from closing properly and cause regurgitation.
- Connective Tissue Disorders: Certain inherited connective tissue conditions can affect the aortic valve or aortic root.
- Previous Cardiac Procedures or Radiation: Some treatments can contribute to later structural valve changes.
Risk Factors
- Older age
- Bicuspid aortic valve
- Previous rheumatic fever or rheumatic heart disease
- High blood pressure
- High cholesterol
- Smoking
- Diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease
- Previous infective endocarditis
- Family history of certain valve or aortic conditions
- Certain congenital or connective tissue disorders
Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Aortic Valve Disease in Turkey
- Modern aortic valve care increasingly uses advanced echocardiography, 3D imaging, cardiac CT, cardiac MRI, minimally invasive surgery, and transcatheter valve procedures to assess valve anatomy and guide treatment. Multidisciplinary Heart Teams use clinical assessment, imaging findings, symptoms, age, surgical risk, anatomy, and associated conditions to determine the most appropriate treatment approach. For selected patients with severe aortic stenosis, transcatheter aortic valve implantation/replacement (TAVI/TAVR) provides a less invasive alternative to open surgical valve replacement.
Treatment options for Aortic Valve Disease
Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement (SAVR): The traditional open-heart standard using either a mechanical or bioprosthetic valve, preferred for younger patients, those with low surgical risk, or those requiring multi-valve surgery.
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR/TAVI) : A minimally invasive option delivered via a catheter (usually transfemoral). It is now a first-line or highly utilised recommendation across all surgical risk tiers for patients with severe aortic stenosis, depending on age and vascular anatomy.
Balloon Aortic Valvuloplasty (BAV): This is properly designated as a temporary, non-definitive bridge therapy. It temporarily widens the valve in hemodynamically unstable adults or as a bridge to definitive SAVR/TAVR.
Bentall procedure : A highly specific, complex cardiac surgery that treats a distinct subset of patients with Aortic Valve Disease. In clinical database structures or decision support tools, it should not be listed as a general synonym or standard treatment option for isolated valve disease.
- Clinical assessment:
- Medical History: Assessment includes symptoms, previous rheumatic fever, congenital valve abnormalities, heart disease, infections, previous procedures, and relevant family history.
- Physical Examination: A doctor may listen for an abnormal heart murmur and assess blood pressure, heart rhythm, breathing, and signs of fluid retention.
- Electrocardiogram (ECG): Evaluates heart rhythm and electrical activity and may show changes associated with cardiac strain.
- Exercise or Stress Testing: May help assess functional capacity and symptoms in selected patients who can safely exercise.
- Blood Tests: Selected tests may assess associated conditions, kidney function, blood counts, or other factors relevant to treatment.
- Imaging Tests:
- Transthoracic Echocardiography (TTE): The primary imaging test used to assess aortic valve structure, blood flow, valve narrowing or leakage, and heart function.
- Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE): Provides detailed images of the valve and surrounding structures and may assist treatment planning.
- 3D Echocardiography: Provides detailed three-dimensional assessment of valve anatomy in selected patients.
- Cardiac CT: Can provide detailed information about valve calcification, aortic anatomy, and suitability for transcatheter valve procedures.
- Cardiac MRI: May assess ventricular function, aortic anatomy, and the effects of significant aortic regurgitation in selected patients.
- Chest X-ray: May show heart enlargement or changes associated with advanced cardiovascular disease.
- Cardiac Catheterisation: May be performed in selected patients for pressure measurements, coronary assessment, or catheter-based treatment.
MediRehab (a chain of Rehab centres, part of MediGence) provides comprehensive tele-rehabilitation services designed to support Aortic Valve Disease patients in Turkey. These services include:
- Cardiac Rehabilitation: Selected patients may benefit from structured rehabilitation after valve surgery or transcatheter treatment.
- Gradual Physical Activity: Increase activity according to symptoms, heart function, treatment history, and guidance from the cardiac team.
- Exercise Conditioning: Individualised exercise can help improve strength, endurance, and functional capacity when medically appropriate.
- Long-Term Follow-Up: Regular cardiology reviews and echocardiography help monitor prosthetic valve function, heart rhythm, ventricular function, and the aorta when relevant.
- Medicines are selected according to the type and severity of aortic valve disease and associated conditions. Diuretics may help manage fluid retention in patients with heart failure, while blood-pressure medicines may be used when appropriate, particularly in aortic regurgitation. Medicines may also be prescribed to manage abnormal heart rhythms, coronary artery disease, or other cardiovascular risk factors.
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Hospitals for Aortic Valve Disease in Turkey
Medipol Bahçelievler Hospital
Istanbul, Turkey
Medipol Bahcelievler Hospital is a medical institution providing a full range of medical and individualized approaches to its patients. Medipol has the ambition to bring high quality and maximum security to people in need by employing state-of-the-art technologies in medicine. They ensure that the health of the patients is improved by fashioning unique physician specialty treatment programs.
Medipol Bahcelievler Hospital provides an exceptional position in the healthcare industry with a policy of clear communication, professionalism, and reliability to patient expectations. Medipol Bahçelievler Hospital is situated in the European Side of Istanbul, dedicated to 24-hour health care for you and your loved ones, equipped with a fully functional operation theatre and ICUs with state-of-the-art equipment, laboratory, emergency, and advanced treatment rooms
Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital
Istanbul, Turkey
Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital located in Istanbul, Turkey is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- The number of beds in the hospital are 138 and Intensive Care beds are 23.
- There are as many as 6.500 access points for a building control system.
- There are 10 Operating theatres and more than 500 employees.
- There are specific healthcare facilities in Acibadem Kadikoy Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey which have been established per integrated healthcare outreach such as Breast Health Center, Check-up Center, and Diabetes Clinic etc.
- The hospital has the very best of Medical Technologies such as Flast CT, da Vinci robot, Magnetom Area MRI, Greenlight, Ortophos XG 3D and Full Body MRI, 4-Dimensional Breast Ultrasound, 3-Dimensional Tomosynthesis Digital Mammography.
Bayindir Healthcare Group
Ankara, Turkey
Bayindir Healthcare Group located in Ankara, Turkey is accredited by ISO, JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Bayindir Healthcare Group comprises 3 hospitals, 6 Dental special clinics and 1 Medical Center.
- Sogutozu Hospital
- Icerenkoy Hospital
- Kavaklidere Hospital
- Levent Medical Center
- Fenerbahce Dental Clinic
- Besiktas Dental Clinic
- Icerenkoy Dental Clinic
- Is Tower Dental Clinic
- Sirinevler Dental Clinic
- Alsancak Dental Clinic
- The International Patient Center was set up in 2010. It is a resource for doctors and the available healthcare services, arranging for consultations and appointments. Also, it manages the travel, transfer, accommodation, visa and insurance resources and translation for international medical travellers.
- Networking with physicians from various countries to ensure knowledge and know how growth and implementation work towards the benefit of patients.
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Why Choose Turkey for Aortic Valve Disease Treatment?
- Experienced Cardiac Specialists: Access to cardiologists, interventional cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, and other cardiovascular specialists.
- Advanced Cardiac Imaging: Major centres may provide TTE, TEE, 3D echocardiography, cardiac CT, and cardiac MRI.
- Aortic Valve Surgery: Specialised cardiac centres can perform surgical aortic valve repair and replacement. Eligible patients may have access to procedures such as TAVI/TAVR and other catheter-based interventions.
- Advanced Cardiac Care: Hospitals may provide specialised cardiac intensive care and postoperative monitoring.
- Multidisciplinary Heart Teams: Cardiologists, cardiac surgeons, imaging specialists, anaesthesiologists, intensivists, and rehabilitation professionals can coordinate complex valve cases.
- Personalised Treatment Planning: Treatment can be selected according to valve anatomy, severity, symptoms, heart function, age, surgical risk, and associated conditions.
- International Patient Support: Many major Turkey hospitals provide assistance with medical records, appointments, treatment coordination, accommodation, and follow-up.
Frequently Asked Questions
Reviewer
Dr. Nityanand Tripathi
Interventional Cardiologist
29 Years of Experience
With a rich experience of more than 29 years, Dr. Nityanand has gained a vast spectrum of skills and expertise in performing all types of complex cardiac procedures. He is an expert in clinical & interventional cardiology and electrophysiology. He studied his medicine (MBBS) and MD from the Institute of Medical Sciences of Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, and later completed his DM in Cardiology from the prestigious King George Medical University, Lucknow. View More
Last Reviewed - January 2026