Kidney Stones Treatment in India
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What are Kidney Stones?
Kidney stones are solid lumps or crystals that develop from materials in your kidneys, such as salts, minerals, and acids. They can range in size from tiny to enormous. Nephrolithiasis or renal calculi are other names for kidney stones.
You might not even be aware that you have a kidney stone, depending on its size. Without causing any symptoms, smaller stones may pass through your urinary tract in your urine. Large kidney stones may become trapped in your ureter.
What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?
Urinary tract infections (UTIs), severe pain, and kidney damage can all be avoided with timely kidney stone therapy. Kidney damage or renal failure may result from kidney stones that enlarge, become trapped in the urinary tract, or obstruct urine flow if treatment is not received. In addition to reducing the need for more intrusive procedures like surgery, early intervention helps to relieve symptoms and stop the growth of stones. Early intervention, such as medication, lifestyle modifications, and surgery, can preserve kidney function and improve results.
What are the Common Symptoms of Kidney Stones?
Kidney stone symptoms include:
- Pain in your lower back, belly or side (flank pain)
- Nausea and vomiting
- Bloody pee
- Pain when you pee
- Inability to pee
- Feeling the urge to pee a lot
- Fever or chills
- Cloudy or foul-smelling pee
Causes, Risk Factors and Complications of Kidney Stones
Causes
- Kidney stones form when your urine contains more crystal-forming substances such as calcium, oxalate and uric acid than the fluid in your urine can dilute.
- At the same time, your urine may lack substances that prevent crystals from sticking together, creating an ideal environment for kidney stones to form.
Risk Factors
Types of kidney stones
- Calcium-oxalate and calcium phosphate stones: When you consume low-calcium or high-oxalate diets and don't drink enough water, calcium-based stones may develop.
- Uric acid stones: Uric acid stones can develop from eating animal proteins, such as fish, poultry, pig, eggs, and beef.
- Struvite stones: Struvite stones can be brought on by bacterial infections.
- Cystine stones: Cystine stones are caused by a genetic disorder known as cystinuria. Two cysteine amino acids are joined to form the compound cysteine.
Complications
Kidney stones may increase your risk of:
- An obstruction that causes your kidneys to enlarge by backing urine up into them (hydronephrosis).
- Inflammation of the kidneys (pyelonephritis).
- One form of kidney failure that may be curable is acute renal injury.
- Recurrent UTIs (urinary tract infections).
- CKD, or chronic kidney disease.
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Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Kidney Stones
- Compared to conventional procedures, recent studies have shown that flexible ureteroscopy (FURS) offers the benefits of less trauma, a faster recovery, and fewer complications in the treatment of kidney stones because of the advancements in endoscopic equipment and minimally invasive technologies.
Kidney Stones Prevention Tips
Your risk of kidney stones may be influenced by what foods and drinks you consume. A few of the guidelines to follow to Reduce the risk of kidney stones:
- Consuming a lot of water.
- Restricting the use of animal proteins.
- Limiting salt and sugar-rich foods.
- Limiting oxalate-rich foods.
- Consumption of foods high in calcium.
Treatment options for Kidney Stones
Kidney Stone Removal: Ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy are two methods for removing kidney stones. A small tube is inserted through the urethra and bladder into the ureter or kidney during ureteroscopy, a minimally invasive procedure used to remove or break down kidney stones. Large kidney stones can be surgically removed with a percutaneous nephrolithotomy, which is performed under imaging guidance through a tiny back incision.
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Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL): Using sound waves to produce powerful vibrations known as shock waves, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) breaks up the stones into little fragments that can be eliminated through urine.
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Your doctor may perform the following diagnostic tests and procedures if they think you have a kidney stone:
- Blood testing: Your blood may have excessive uric acid or calcium levels, according to blood tests.
- Urine testing: The 24-hour urine collection test results may indicate that you are excreting either too few chemicals that prevent stones or too many minerals that cause them.
- X-ray (KUB - Kidney, Ureter, and Bladder): Offers a basic picture of the kidneys and urinary tract stones.
- Ultrasound: Non-invasive and frequently used to find stones, particularly in pregnant women or young children.
- CT Scan: Offers the most detailed view and is the gold standard for detecting kidney stones, including size, location, and type.
The goals of kidney stone rehabilitation are to control symptoms, stop recurrence, and enhance general kidney health:
- Hydration: Consuming a lot of liquids aids in the removal of minor stones and stops the formation of new ones.
- Dietary modifications: Reducing salt, foods high in oxalate, or animal protein, for example, can help avoid kidney stones by modifying the diet according to the kind of kidney stones.
- Physical Activity: Regular exercise can help keep the kidneys healthy overall and facilitate the transit of smaller stones.
A healthcare professional may recommend or prescribe medications if your kidney stone is self-resolving and not causing infection to:
- To aid in the passage of stones, relax your ureter.
- Control your nausea and vomiting.
- Manage pain conditions
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Hospitals for Kidney Stones in India
Baby Memorial Hospital
Calicut, India
- BMH (Baby Memorial Hospital) is a prominent tertiary referral hospital located in Kerala India, treating a variety of high-risk complex and multidisciplinary medical cases. BMH has been designated by other hospitals throughout Kerala and several other neighbouring states to provide specialty services for myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, cancer, and more. These patients are referred because of their high level of complexity; thus, BMH has assembled a team of multidisciplinary specialists who provide evidence-based medicine 24 hours a day. As such, BMH provides accurate and optimal diagnosis, treatment, and excellent clinical outcomes.
Shanti Mukand Hospital
Delhi, India
Shanti Mukand Hospital located in New Delhi, India is accredited by ISO, NABH. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Most medical and surgical disciplines are covered in the hospital in terms of treatment.
- The diagnostics of the hospital are up to date with the latest technologies in a specialised dedicated wing called as SMH Imaging Center.
- Some important specialties available in the hospital are Orthopedics, Oncology (SMH Cancer Center), Neurology, Cardiac Care, Pediatrics etc.
- Physiotherapy services are available for patients.
- There is a specific Dialysis unit known as SMH Dialysis Center.
- There is a bed capacity of 200.
- Modular Operation theatres as well as provisions for minimally invasive procedures.
- Critical care and emergency care departments are also present.
VPS Lakeshore Hospital
Kochi, India
VPS Lakeshore Hospital located in Kochi, India is accredited by NABH. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Advanced hi-tech healthcare facility
- Innovative diagnostic & therapeutic medical technologies
- Diagnostic endoscopy of nose, esophagoscopy, Laryngoscopy, Bronchoscopy
- Cardiac department- Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Total Arterial Coronary Revascularization, Heart Valve Repairs and
- Replacements, Surgery for Heart Failure, Intracardiac Repair of Congenital Anomalies of the Heart, Surgery for Atrial Fibrillation
- Neurosurgery department: Keyhole Surgery for disc & other spine disorders, such as Spine Tumors, Navigation-guided, and Endoscopic Brain Tumor Surgery, Minimally invasive Brain Surgery, Advanced Head Injury Management with the ICP Monitoring
- State-of-the-art-hemodialysis Units
- Kidney Transplantation is done with Laparoscopic Donor Nephrectomy
- 24 hour rapid TAT team equipped with four specialists have increased survival and decreased patient morbidity
- Joint preservation techniques include autologous chondrocyte implantation
- Cutting edge operation theaters & world-class transplant ICUs
- Urology department: 3D Laparoscopy, Minimally Invasive Surgery, Ureteroscopy, RIRS, Endourology: PCNL
- Objective swallowing evaluation services such as functional endoscopic evaluation of Swallowing & Video Fluoroscopic Swallow
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Why Choose India for Kidney Stones Treatment?
Here are some of the reasons for choosing India:
- Due to advancements in medical facilities, such as minimally invasive surgical techniques.
- World-class experts include highly experienced doctors, JCI, and NABH-accredited healthcare institutions.
- Compared to other countries, treatment in Indian hospitals is cost-effective.
- Indian hospitals provide International patient services, including a multilingual support system.
- Improved treatment methods and biological therapies.
Frequently Asked Questions
Drink lots of water to flush out your kidney stone if your doctor believes it will go away. As directed by your physician, take any prescribed medication as directed, and abide by their dietary and drink instructions.
Sixty per cent of kidney stones larger than 6 mm and ninety per cent of kidney stones smaller than 6 mm pass on their own. You will require a procedure to break up and/or remove a kidney stone if it is large or obstructing your urine flow. Smaller stones that were supposed to pass by themselves can occasionally expand or shift, blocking the flow.
In India, kidney stones are typically successfully treated, particularly with innovative surgical techniques and modern medical technology. Depending on the size and location of the stones, non-invasive procedures such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) have success rates of 85–90%. When carried out by skilled professionals, the success rate for operations such as ureteroscopy and percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) can reach 90–95%. Overall, the results are favourable, with lifestyle modifications, appropriate therapy, and early detection helping control the condition and avoid recurrence.
You are more likely to get kidney stones again and develop chronic renal disease if you have already had kidney stones.
The size and location of the stone affect how long it takes. While larger stones can take longer or necessitate medical intervention, smaller stones might go away in a few days.
A stone that becomes lodged may cause excruciating pain, infection, or obstruction, necessitating medical assistance to break or remove it.
The length of recovery varies according to the type of surgery. Recovery times can range from a few days for less invasive operations like ureteroscopy to a few weeks for more invasive treatments like percutaneous nephrolithotomy.
Following removal or passage, a stone may be sent for analysis to ascertain its composition (such as uric acid or calcium oxalate), which aids in directing preventative measures.