Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) Treatment in Thailand
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What is Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?
AML stands for Acute Myeloid Leukemia, a blood cancer that begins in the blood and the source of the blood, bone marrow, which deals with myeloid cells responsible for the generation of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. With acute myeloid leukaemia, the bone marrow produces abnormal myeloblasts, immature white blood cells that do not mature properly, thus crowding normal cells. Therefore, a variety of symptoms and complications arise.
What is the Importance of Timely Treatment?
Preventing Disease Progression
AML is an aggressive cancer that can quickly progress if active treatment is not initiated, often leading to severe complications, organ dysfunctions, and even death.
Encourage Treatment Response
The earlier the therapy is initiated, the higher the chance of inducing remission and preventing relapse; failure to treat in time translates into poorer prognoses and decreased effectiveness of treatment.
Complications are minimised
After treating AML at its earliest possible stage, resolving the issues of these complications is much more favourable, with an increased chance of avoiding any complications that can be life-threatening.
Good long-term prognosis
If treatment is started earlier, there is a better chance of long-term survival. Although AML remains hard to cure, if treatment is given aggressively after an early diagnosis, remission can be achieved.
Quality of life
An early start of management can help control a patient's symptoms like fatigue, pain, and infections, benefiting his quality of life during treatment.
What are the Common Symptoms of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)?
- Fatigue and Weakness
- Pale Skin
- Frequent Infections or Fever
- Easy Bruising or Bleeding
- Swollen Lymph Nodes
- Bone or Joint Pain
- Loss of Appetite or Unexplained Weight Loss
- Shortness of Breath or Dizziness
- Abdominal Pain or Fullness
Causes and Risk Factors of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML)
Causes
- Genetic Mutations
- Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Infections
- Immune System Disorders
- Exposure to Radiation or Chemicals
Risk Factors
- Age
- Gender
- Family History
- Previous Cancer Treatment
- Environmental Exposures
- Genetic Syndromes
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Latest Research and Technologies in the Treatment of Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) in Thailand
Advanced and personalised treatment modalities for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) have been available in Thailand. Doctors can target inhibitors using genetic profiling via Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). Chemotherapy protocols adapt to the risk and align with global standards to achieve maximal effectiveness with minimal side effects. It offers allogenic stem cell transplant services through international registries and related and unrelated donors. Available in clinical trials of immunotherapies and checkpoint inhibitors. Minimal Residual Disease (MRD) monitoring is an avenue to assess the treatment response and early relapse detection.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) Prevention Tip:
Avoiding exposure to harmful chemicals
Reducing exposure to toxic substances such as benzene (produced by petrochemical industries) and cigarette smoke may reduce the likelihood of developing AML. Provide protective equipment in high-risk workplaces so that exposure is reduced.
Limiting Exposure to Radiation
There are exposures which cannot be avoided, such as treatment with radiation from a pre-existing cancer diagnosis.
Healthy Lifestyle Choices
Adopting healthy meal plans, exercising, and not smoking will significantly reduce the risk of developing AML. A strong immune system is crucial in fighting infections and diseases, including leukemia.
Genetic Counseling Services for High-Risk Individuals
Genetic counseling is an option to consider if there is a family history of leukemia or inherited conditions like Down syndrome, Fanconi anemia, or Bloom syndrome. If there is, screening and early detection can solve the issues.
Regular Health Check-Ups
These regular health check-ups will lead to early diagnosis of blood disorders. Early diagnosis of diseases such as myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) will ensure early treatment and reduce the chances of developing AML.
Treatment options for Acute myeloid leukemia (AML)
The medical treatment for Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) requires evaluating the patient's severity and medical condition. The following are the treatment options:
Chemotherapy: The induction chemotherapy regimen typically begins when a patient is given cytarabine and idarubicin. There will then be consolidation chemotherapy offered to the affected individual to get rid of residual cells and minimise the risk of relapse.
Cost Start From USD 1000 - USD 6800Explore Options
Stem Cell Transplantation : Bone marrow transplants (also known as stem cell transplants) offer the possibility of a cure for some patients with high-risk or relapsed forms of acute myeloid leukemia, replacing diseased marrow with healthy cells, thus improving long-term survival chances.
{stem-cell-therapy}Targeted Therapy : Specific targeted drugs have been used to treat specific genetic mutations in the cells of patients with AML to enhance treatment benefits, particularly for those with mutations.
Cost Start From USD 3500Explore Options
Immunotherapy : Emerging therapies such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab and pembrolizumab) and CAR-T cell therapy have shown promise in using the immune system against leukemia cells for high-risk patients.
Cost Start From USD 3000 - USD 13578Explore Options
CAR-T (Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-cell) Therapy : AML is one of the most challenging conditions associated with CAR-T therapy because the antigens are not well-defined and are difficult to target. In any case, selected groups are specific for targets on the AML cell.
Cost Start From USD 150000 - USD 470000Explore Options
These are the standard diagnostic methods for diagnosing Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML):
Imaging Studies
- CT scans or X-rays are occasionally performed if AML spreads from the bone marrow to lymph nodes or organs like the spleen or liver. Hence, they are not routinely applied for the diagnosis at first.
Blood Tests
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): The initial test for AML diagnosis. It may display low levels of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelet count. It may also show abnormal blasts, that is, immature cells in the blood.
- Peripheral Blood Smear: The blood smear under a microscope identifies the abnormality in white blood cells (blasts) characteristic of AML.
Bone Marrow Biopsy
- Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy are necessary to confirm the diagnosis. A needle is inserted through the skin into the bone (usually the hip) to extract bone marrow for analysis to look for the leukaemia cells and the percentage of blasts.
- Cytogenetic Testing: Fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) and karyotyping allow the detection of chromosomal abnormalities, which may indicate specific subtypes of AML. These abnormalities will influence a treatment decision and a prognosis.
- Molecular Genetic Testing: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows the simultaneous analysis of multiple gene mutations affecting AML treatment.
MediRehab (a chain of Rehab centres, part of MediGence) provides comprehensive rehabilitation services to support patients through Teleconsulations and online therapy sessions.
Physical Rehabilitation
Post-treatment exercise programs improve the patients' strength, mobility, and endurance, especially after chemotherapy or stem cell transplant.
Occupational Therapy
Occupational therapists help patients restore their daily functioning activities, such as dressing and cooking. It also provides cognitive rehabilitation to help with memory and concentration issues experienced due to treatment.
Psychological Support
Counseling for mental health assists patients in coping with emotional challenges like anxiety and depression during and after treatment.
Lifestyle Modifications
The nutritionist assists patients with AML who are experiencing problems with losing weight due to a lack of appetite and malnutrition correction.
Pain and Fatigue Management
Pain treatment provides symptom control through medication or alternative means against pain caused by treatment. Features of chronic fatigue will be treated by conserving energy and regular rest to recuperate.
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Hospitals for Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in Thailand
Piyavate Hospital
Bangkok, Thailand
Piyavate Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
Medicine Centre: Piyavate Hospital provides advanced holistic treatment for their patients. They offer a complete range of services and physicians that specialize in various fields like the endocrine system, the nervous system, kidney function, cardiovascular care, respiratory and digestive system. They pride themselves for the familial care that they provide to their patients.
Fertility and In-Vitro Fertilization Centre: Helping the couples who walk into the Piyavate Hospital to achieve their dream of having a family. They have a medical team that specializes in male and female fertility. They offer consultation services, fertility check-up for both men and women and complete IVF services. They have advanced IVF cycle treatment facilities that offer a high rate of success.
Bone and Joint Institute: Piyavate Hospital houses one of the frontrunners in Orthopaedic health care in all of SouthEast Asia. They offer a wide range of services and surgeries in their bone and joint institute that include hand surgery, hip and knee replacement surgery, spinal cord surgery, upper extremity surgery, arthroscopic surgery and sports medicine.
Eye and Lasik Centre: Piyavate Hospital is fully equipped with the latest and most advanced technology for eye care and houses highly skilled ophthalmologists, sub-specialists and qualified nurses.
Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Centre: One of the first hospitals to be equipped with the Hybrid Assistive Limb technology that will help a neurologically challenged patient to control the rehabilitation robot limb with a signal from their brain. The Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Centre at Piyavate Hospital uses this system encourage patients to regain muscle memory to walk and function normally.
Amenities for Patient’s Family:
Piyavate Hospital also offers additional apartment facilities to house the kin of the patients who come to visit them from distant places. A restaurant, a flower shop and a café are a few of the other amenities provided by the hospital.
These are the most popular services offered by the Piyavate Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. They also provide a plethora of other medical services that are listed below:
Diabetic Foot Centre
Check-up centre
Urology Centre
Heart Institute
Paediatric Centre
Obstetrics and Gynaecology Centre
Surgery Centre
Ear Nose Throat Centre
Haemodialysis Centre
Dental Centre
X-Ray Centre
Gastroenterology Centre
Cancer Centre
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU)
Emergency Services and Centre
Tele-medicine
Phyathai 2 International Hospital
Bangkok, Thailand
Phyathai 2 International Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- Fully equipped rooms are available for convenience of the patients- Gold B Room, Gold A Room, Pediatric Gold A, Platinum room, and Prestige ward
- Nearby accommodations are also available- Abloom Service Apartments, Bangkok Patio, VIB Best Western Sanam Pao, VIC3 Hotel
- Operating room
- International Patient Medical Center to assist overseas patients
Bangpakok 9 International Hospital
Bangkok, Thailand
Bangpakok 9 International Hospital located in Bangkok, Thailand is accredited by JCI. Also listed below are some of the most prominent infrastructural details:
- It would be prudent to summarise the Medical Services provided at the Bangpakok 9 International Hospital (BPK 9), Bangkok, Thailand:
- Cosmetic Dentistry
- Dental Implants
- Electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG)
- Exercise Stress Test
- Health Screening
- Laser Vagina Firming
- Pediatric Physical Therapy
- Perfect Slim by Vela II
- Physical Therapy for Musculoskeletal
- Prosthodontics
- The Medical Services are also inclusive of the International Patient Services such as the ones listed here:
- Thai, English, French, Arabic, Chinese, Myanmar, Cambodia, Bangladeshi, Bahasa and Tagalog are the languages in which there are Translation services available for International Patients.
- Visa extension related assistance
- International health insurance related assistance
- Embassy and international organizations related assistance
- A variety of meals of choice for International Patients
- Email consultation services
- Transfer to either airport and/or hotels
- Prayer room
- Four different types of rooms are available such as Deluxe room, two kinds of suites, and a VIP suite.
- Hospital facilities like The Coffee shop, Food Hall, Cafe and Medical Spa.
- Complete health and safety protocols are maintained in the various Medical Centers some of whom are as follows:
- Aesthetic Center
- 24 Hour Emergency Center
- Allergy Center
- Breast Center
- bSmart Center
- Checkup Center
- Dental Center,
- Happy Long Life Center
- Medical Fitness Center
- Psychiatric Center
- Rehabilitation Center
- Sleep Disorders Center
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Why Choose Thailand for Acute Myeloid Leukemia?
The following are the growing reasons for Thailand being frequented for Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumor treatment:
World-Class Health Services at Affordable Costs
The nation is proficient in advanced medical technologies and treatments, including high-quality care at often dissimilar cost ratios of other countries.
Qualified Professionals
Patients will find internationally trained, renowned hepatologists, surgeons, and specialists. Medical and individualised treatment options will complement the value of the care provided by the best experts in Thailand.
Complete Medical Services
From advanced diagnostic tools such as elastography and imaging to liver transplants, Thailand has gone the extra mile to provide patients with cutting-edge facilities for total Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) treatment.
Comfortable Medical Travel
Thailand is becoming a central international hub for medical tourism. Many accredited hospitals provide excellent service to international patients, including easy accessibility, visa assistance, and organised packages.
Holistic Treatment
Most hospitals in Thailand work towards a mainstream plus traditional treatment regime for complete liver health recovery and wellness, thus attending to emotional and physical wellness.
Frequently Asked Questions
While there is treatment available for AML, some patients can be cured, particularly with early detection and prompt action. The prognosis is modulated by several factors, such as age, general well-being, and the presence of any genetic mutations found in the leukemic cells.
The prognosis depends on the patient's age, response to treatment, presence of genetic mutations, and whether the leukemia was acute or relapsed. Better treatment results are seen in younger patients with favorable mutations.
Treatment may cause fatigue, nausea and vomiting, loss of hair, infections, low blood counts, and organ toxicity. Long-term side effects are mainly heart, lung, and immune dysfunction.
Though genetic mutations are one of the causes of AML, the vast majority of cases are not inherited. However, a family history of leukemia or other genetic syndromes can increase the risk of developing AML.
Yes. Most of the top hospitals in Thailand provide complete genetic profiling via Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS). So, it certainly provides highly personalised and effective treatment plans.
In Thailand, they do allogeneic bone marrow transplants with related or unrelated donors, often working with global donor registries for international patients.
The treatment could range from a few months through intensive chemotherapy and maybe later bone marrow transplant. The actual treatment periods vary on health status and treatment response.
Patients are generally advised to take a high-protein, high-calorie, balanced diet, maintain good hygiene to prevent infection, and manage stress. Regular follow-up visits are essential to detect complications or relapse early.
Common complications of AML are infections, bleeding, and organ impairment owing to the low blood cell count. The significant complications, which could lead to respiratory or organ failure, are mostly experienced during intensive treatments like chemotherapy.