With advanced orthopaedic and cartilage-care infrastructure, IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele offers Autologous Chondrocyte Implantation (ACI) for eligible patients with specific cartilage injuries. Established in 1971, the SSN hospital is located in milan, Italy, and has 1350 beds.

ACI may be considered for symptomatic, localised cartilage defects when other treatments have not provided adequate relief. The patient's own cartilage cells are harvested, multiplied in a laboratory, and later implanted into the affected area. A detailed evaluation of the cartilage lesion and surrounding joint structures is performed before treatment.