Parkinson's

Introduction to Parkinson's

A portion of the brain degenerates in Parkinson's disease, leading to increasingly severe symptoms over time. Although this disorder is most well-known for its impact on movement, balance, and muscular control, it can also have a variety of additional implications on your senses, cognitive function, mental health, and more.

Who does it affect?

The average age at which Parkinson's disease begins is 60 years old, and the risk of getting it naturally rises with age. It is slightly more common in men. Although it is typically associated with ageing, Parkinson's disease can strike adults as young as 20 (though this is very uncommon, and many people have a parent, full sibling, or child with the same condition). According to experts, at least 1% of adults over 60 are impacted globally.

Common causes of Parkinson's

Parkinson's disease causes the brain's neurons to degrade or die gradually. A loss of neurons that generate a chemical message in the brain is the source of many symptoms of Parkinson's disease. We refer to this messenger as dopamine. A decrease in dopamine causes unusual brain activity. Movement issues and other Parkinson's disease symptoms result from this. The cause of Parkinson's disease is unknown, but several factors seem to play a role, including:

• Genes: Parkinson's disease is associated with specific genetic alterations. However, unless a large number of family members have had Parkinson's disease, these are uncommon.
• Environmental factors: Parkinson's disease may develop later in life if a person is exposed to specific poisons or other environmental causes. However, no environmental component has been identified as the cause.

Why Rehabilitation is Critical After Parkinson's

A key component of managing Parkinson’s disease is rehabilitation. Along with medical treatment, timely and structured rehabilitation helps individuals maintain independence, improve mobility, and enhance their overall quality of life. The primary goals are to slow functional decline, preserve daily living abilities, and promote active participation in the community.

Key reasons why rehabilitation is essential:

• Early intervention: Starting rehabilitation early helps manage symptoms like stiffness, tremors, and movement difficulties, leading to better long-term outcomes.
• Specialised care: Tailored therapies, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy, address balance, coordination, speech, and fine motor control.
• Multidisciplinary approach: A coordinated team of specialists provides physical, cognitive, and emotional support to maximise functional independence.
• Access to assistive technologies: Devices and adaptive tools help patients perform everyday tasks safely and efficiently.
• Continuous monitoring: Regular assessment ensures timely adjustments to therapy as the disease progresses, helping manage symptoms effectively.
• Empowerment and inclusion: Rehabilitation fosters confidence, encourages social participation, and improves overall mental well-being.

It is equally essential to ensure equitable access to rehabilitation and support services. People living with Parkinson’s deserve comprehensive care that promotes dignity, independence, and a fulfilling life.

Signs & Symptoms of Parkinson's

Symptoms of Parkinson's disease can include: 

• Tremor: Usually, the hands or fingers are where this rhythmic shaking starts. Tremor might occasionally begin in the jaw or foot. You can move your forefinger and thumb back and forth.
• Slowed movement: Another name for slowed movement is bradykinesia. Simple tasks may become more challenging if you have Parkinson's disease because of your slowed movement.
• Rigid muscles: Any portion of your body may have stiff muscles. Your arm motions may be jerky and brief, and your muscles may feel stiff and uncomfortable.
• Poor balance and posture: You could start to hunch over. You can lose the balance or tumble.
• Loss of automatic movements: You might have trouble making some of the movements that you usually do automatically, including smiling, blinking, or swinging your arms as you walk.
• Speech changes: You can slur your words, speak hastily or softly, or pause before speaking.
• Writing changes: You can find it challenging to write, and your writing might seem small and crowded.
• Nonmotor symptoms: These could include sleep issues, constipation, anxiety, and sadness.